Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27215328›Full record

ArticleBiology open2016

Spermidine, but not spermine, is essential for pigment pattern formation in zebrafish.

Hans Georg Frohnhöfer, Silke Geiger-Rudolph, Martin Pattky, Martin Meixner, Carolin Huhn, Hans-Martin Maischein, Robert Geisler, Ines Gehring, Florian Maderspacher, Christiane Nüsslein-Volhard and 1 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Biology open, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
18citing papers in PubMed
2.6field-weighted citation impact, top 10% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

18 citing papers in PubMed, 38 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
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  6. Studies of Turing pattern formation in zebrafish skin.Philosophical transactions. Series A, Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences · 2021
    Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Hans Georg FrohnhöferMax-Planck-Institut für Entwicklungsbiologie, Abteilung 3, Spemannstrasse 35, Tübingen 72076, Germany.
Silke Geiger-RudolphMax-Planck-Institut für Entwicklungsbiologie, Abteilung 3, Spemannstrasse 35, Tübingen 72076, Germany.
Martin PattkyInstitut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, Tübingen 72076, Germany.
Martin MeixnerInstitut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, Tübingen 72076, Germany.
Carolin HuhnInstitut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, Tübingen 72076, Germany.
Hans-Martin MaischeinMax-Planck-Institut für Entwicklungsbiologie, Abteilung 3, Spemannstrasse 35, Tübingen 72076, Germany.
Robert GeislerMax-Planck-Institut für Entwicklungsbiologie, Abteilung 3, Spemannstrasse 35, Tübingen 72076, Germany.
Ines GehringMax-Planck-Institut für Entwicklungsbiologie, Abteilung 3, Spemannstrasse 35, Tübingen 72076, Germany.
Florian MaderspacherMax-Planck-Institut für Entwicklungsbiologie, Abteilung 3, Spemannstrasse 35, Tübingen 72076, Germany.
Christiane Nüsslein-VolhardMax-Planck-Institut für Entwicklungsbiologie, Abteilung 3, Spemannstrasse 35, Tübingen 72076, Germany.
Uwe IrionMax-Planck-Institut für Entwicklungsbiologie, Abteilung 3, Spemannstrasse 35, Tübingen 72076, Germany uwe.irion@tuebingen.mpg.de.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2823-5840
Max Planck Society · DEUniversity of Tübingen · DE

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Polyamines are small poly-cations essential for all cellular life. The main polyamines present in metazoans are putrescine, spermidine and spermine. Their exact functions are still largely unclear; however, they are involved in a wide variety of processes affecting cell growth, proliferation, apoptosis and aging. Here we identify idefix, a mutation in the zebrafish gene encoding the enzyme spermidine synthase, leading to a severe reduction in spermidine levels as shown by capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry. We show that spermidine, but not spermine, is essential for early development, organogenesis and colour pattern formation. Whereas in other vertebrates spermidine deficiency leads to very early embryonic lethality, maternally provided spermidine synthase in zebrafish is sufficient to rescue the early developmental defects. This allows us to uncouple them from events occurring later during colour patterning. Factors involved in the cellular interactions essential for colour patterning, likely targets for spermidine, are the gap junction components Cx41.8, Cx39.4, and Kir7.1, an inwardly rectifying potassium channel, all known to be regulated by polyamines. Thus, zebrafish provide a vertebrate model to study the in vivo effects of polyamines.

Indexed as

Pattern formationPigmentationPolyamineSpermidine synthaseSpermine synthaseZebrafish

Identifiers

PMID27215328
PMCPMC4920196
OpenAlexW2406881686

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.