Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27214760›Full record

ArticleBiophysical chemistry

Aqueous solubilization of C60 fullerene by natural protein surfactants, latherin and ranaspumin-2.

Steven J Vance, Vibhuti Desai, Brian O Smith, Malcolm W Kennedy, Alan Cooper

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Biophysical chemistry. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed
3.8field-weighted citation impact, top 8% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed, 29 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Interaction between pristine nCFrontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2025
    Article
  2. Article
  3. Enhanced Uptake and Phototoxicity of CNanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Pristine CNeurochemical research · 2020
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. CMaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2018
    Article
  9. Frog foams and natural protein surfactants.Colloids and surfaces. A, Physicochemical and engineering aspects · 2017
    Article
  10. Fullerenes in Biology and Medicine.Journal of materials chemistry. B · 2017
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Steven J VanceSchool of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK.
Vibhuti DesaiInstitute of Molecular, Cell & Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK.
Brian O SmithInstitute of Molecular, Cell & Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK.
Malcolm W KennedyInstitute of Molecular, Cell & Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK; Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK.
Alan CooperSchool of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK. Electronic address: alan.cooper@glasgow.ac.uk.
University of Glasgow · GB

Funding

Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research CouncilWellcome Trust GR070994MA
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

C60 fullerene is not soluble in water and dispersion usually requires organic solvents, sonication or vigorous mechanical mixing. However, we show here that mixing of pristine C60 in water with natural surfactant proteins latherin and ranaspumin-2 (Rsn-2) at low concentrations yields stable aqueous dispersions with spectroscopic properties similar to those previously obtained by more vigorous methods. Particle sizes are significantly smaller than those achieved by mechanical dispersion alone, and concentrations are compatible with clusters approximating 1:1 protein:C60 stoichiometry. These proteins can also be adsorbed onto more intractable carbon nanotubes. This promises to be a convenient way to interface a range of hydrophobic nanoparticles and related materials with biological macromolecules, with potential to exploit the versatility of recombinant protein engineering in the development of nano-bio interface devices. It also has potential consequences for toxicological aspects of these and similar nanoparticles.

Indexed as

Amphibian ProteinsAnimalsAnuraFatty Acid-Binding ProteinsFullerenesHorsesHydrophobic and Hydrophilic InteractionsNanotubes, CarbonParticle SizeProteinsSolubilitySolventsSurface-Active AgentsAmphibian ProteinsFatty Acid-Binding Proteinsfullerene C60Fullereneslatherin protein, Equus caballusNanotubes, CarbonProteinsranaspumin-2 protein, Engystomops pustulosusSolventsSurface-Active Agents

Identifiers

PMID27214760
PMCPMC4906151
OpenAlexW2380827889

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.