ArticleJournal of visualized experiments : JoVE2016
Microinjection for Transgenesis and Genome Editing in Threespine Sticklebacks.
Article in Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Y-linked duplication of anti-Mullerian hormone is the sex determination gene in threespine stickleback.PLoS genetics · 2025Article
- Highly efficient transgenesis mediated by Tip100 transposon system in medaka.Transgenic research · 2025Article
- Ectodysplasin overexpression reveals spatiotemporally dynamic tooth formation competency in stickleback and zebrafish.Development (Cambridge, England) · 2025Article
- Jaw size variation is associated with a novel craniofacial function for galanin receptor 2 in an adaptive radiation of pupfishes.Proceedings. Biological sciences · 2023Article
- Jaw size variation is associated with a novel craniofacial function for galanin receptor 2 in an adaptive radiation of pupfishes.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- Site pleiotropy of a stickleback Bmp6 enhancer.Developmental biology · 2022Article
- Evolved Bmp6 enhancer alleles drive spatial shifts in gene expression during tooth development in sticklebacks.Genetics · 2021Article
- Dark world rises: The emergence of cavefish as a model for the study of evolution, development, behavior, and disease.Journal of experimental zoology. Part B, Molecular and developmental evolution · 2020Article
- Efficient CRISPR-Cas9 editing of major evolutionary loci in sticklebacks.Evolutionary ecology research · 2019Article
- Effects of CRISPR/Cas9 dosage on TICAM1 and RBL gene mutation rate, embryonic development, hatchability and fry survival in channel catfish.Scientific reports · 2018Article
- Genetic Dissection of a Supergene ImplicatesGenetics · 2018Article
- Microinjection of CRISPR/Cas9 Protein into Channel Catfish, Ictalurus punctatus, Embryos for Gene Editing.Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE · 2018Article
- Sequence-Based Mapping and Genome Editing Reveal Mutations in SticklebackG3 (Bethesda, Md.) · 2017Article
- The genetic and molecular architecture of phenotypic diversity in sticklebacks.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2017Review
- An efficient system for homology-dependent targeted gene integration in medaka (Zoological letters · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The threespine stickleback fish has emerged as a powerful system to study the genetic basis of a wide variety of morphological, physiological, and behavioral phenotypes. The remarkably diverse phenotypes that have evolved as marine populations adapt to countless freshwater environments, combined with the ability to cross marine and freshwater forms, provide a rare vertebrate system in which genetics can be used to map genomic regions controlling evolved traits. Excellent genomic resources are now available, facilitating molecular genetic dissection of evolved changes. While mapping experiments generate lists of interesting candidate genes, functional genetic manipulations are required to test the roles of these genes. Gene regulation can be studied with transgenic reporter plasmids and BACs integrated into the genome using the Tol2 transposase system. Functions of specific candidate genes and cis-regulatory elements can be assessed by inducing targeted mutations with TALEN and CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing reagents. All methods require introducing nucleic acids into fertilized one-cell stickleback embryos, a task made challenging by the thick chorion of stickleback embryos and the relatively small and thin blastomere. Here, a detailed protocol for microinjection of nucleic acids into stickleback embryos is described for transgenic and genome editing applications to study gene expression and function, as well as techniques to assess the success of transgenesis and recover stable lines.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.