ArticleMolecular immunology2016
VNAR single-domain antibodies specific for BAFF inhibit B cell development by molecular mimicry.
Article in Molecular immunology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Advanced Drug Delivery Strategies for Overcoming Biological Barriers: Tumor Microenvironment and Blood-Brain Barrier.Drugs in R&D · 2026Review
- A Single-Domain VNAR Nanobody Binds with High-Affinity and Selectivity to the Heparin Pentasaccharide Fondaparinux.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- VNAR: shark single-domain antibodies for the new era of medical biotechnology.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Design and Construction of Antibody Fusion Proteins Incorporating Variable New Antigen Receptor (VNAR) Domains.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2024Article
- VNAR development through antigen immunization of Japanese topeshark (Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2023Article
- A novel PD-L1-targeted shark VMolecular therapy oncolytics · 2022Article
- Overview, Generation, and Significance of Variable New Antigen Receptors (VNARs) as a Platform for Drug and Diagnostic Development.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2022Article
- Shark New Antigen Receptor (IgNAR): Structure, Characteristics and Potential Biomedical Applications.Cells · 2021Review
- Strategies for delivering therapeutics across the blood-brain barrier.Nature reviews. Drug discovery · 2021Review
- Bamboo Shark as a Small Animal Model for Single Domain Antibody Production.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2021Article
- Ancient species offers contemporary therapeutics: an update on shark VAntibody therapeutics · 2020Review
- Toward Small-Molecule Inhibition of Protein-Protein Interactions: General Aspects and Recent Progress in Targeting Costimulatory and Coinhibitory (Immune Checkpoint) Interactions.Current topics in medicinal chemistry · 2018Review
- Single domain antibodies for the knockdown of cytosolic and nuclear proteins.Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society · 2017Review
- Therapeutic Potential of Shark Anti-ICOSL VNAR Domains is Exemplified in a Murine Model of Autoimmune Non-Infectious Uveitis.Frontiers in immunology · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
B cell-activating factor (BAFF) plays a dominant role in the B cell homeostasis. However, excessive BAFF promotes the development of autoreactive B-cells and several antibodies have been developed to block its activity. Bispecific antibodies with added functionality represent the next wave of biologics that may be more effective in the treatment of complex autoimmune disease. The single variable domain from the immunoglobulin new antigen receptor (VNAR) is one of the smallest antibody recognition units that could be combined with monospecific antibodies to develop bispecific agents. We isolated a panel of BAFF-binding VNARs with low nM potency from a semi-synthetic phage display library and examined their functional activity. The anti-BAFF VNARs blocked the binding of BAFF to all three of its receptors (BR3, TACI and BCMA) and the presence of the conserved DXL receptor motif found in the CDR3 regions suggests molecular mimicry as the mechanism of antagonism. One clone was formatted as an Fc fusion for functional testing and it was found to inhibit both mouse and human BAFF with equal potency ex vivo in a splenocyte proliferation assay. In mice, subchronic administration reduced the number of immature and transitional intermediates B cells and mature B cell subsets. These results indicate that VNAR single domain antibodies function as selective B-cell inhibitors and offer an alternative molecular format for targeting B-cell disorders.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.