ArticleOncotarget2017
Novel role of cannabinoid receptor 2 in inhibiting EGF/EGFR and IGF-I/IGF-IR pathways in breast cancer.
Article in Oncotarget, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 55 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cannabidiol as a novel therapeutic agent in breast cancer: evidence from literature.BMC cancer · 2025Pooled it
- Current Evidence on miRNAs as Potential Theranostic Markers for Detecting Chemoresistance in Colorectal Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Preclinical and Clinical Studies.Molecular diagnosis & therapy · 2019Pooled it
- Pharmacokinetic studies and synergistic antitumor effects of cannabichromene and cannabidiol in drug-resistant breast cancers.Drug delivery and translational research · 2026Article
- Editorial: The role of cannabinoids and the endocannabinoid system in anti-cancer therapy.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- Article
- Overexpression of cannabinoid receptor 2 is associated with human breast cancer proliferation, apoptosis, chemosensitivity and prognosis via the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway.Cancer medicine · 2023Article
- Lipids as Targets for Renal Cell Carcinoma Therapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Endocannabinoid-Binding Receptors as Drug Targets.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2023Article
- Cannabinoids as Prospective Anti-Cancer Drugs: Mechanism of Action in Healthy and Cancer Cells.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2023Article
- Review
- Cannabinoid Receptor-1 suppresses M2 macrophage polarization in colorectal cancer by downregulating EGFR.Cell death discovery · 2022Article
- Cannabinoids, their cellular receptors, and effects on the invasive phenotype of carcinoma and metastasis.Cancer reports (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2022Review
- Chronic Administration of Cannabinoid Receptor 2 Agonist (JWH-133) Increases Ectopic Ovarian Tumor Growth and Endocannabinoids (Anandamide and 2-Arachidonoyl Glycerol) Levels in Immunocompromised SCID Female Mice.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Article
- Different Cytotoxic Effects of Vetiver Oil on Three Types of Cancer Cells, Mainly Targeting CNR2 on TNBC.Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP · 2022Article
- Cannabinoid receptors promote chronic intermittent hypoxia-induced breast cancer metastasis via IGF-1R/AKT/GSK-3β.Molecular therapy oncolytics · 2021Article
- Endocannabinoid System and Tumour Microenvironment: New Intertwined Connections for Anticancer Approaches.Cells · 2021Review
- Adiponectin and Thyroid Cancer: Insight into the Association between Adiponectin and Obesity.Aging and disease · 2021Review
- Molecular Mechanism of Cannabinoids in Cancer Progression.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Cannabidiol induces antidepressant and anxiolytic-like effects in experimental type-1 diabetic animals by multiple sites of action.Metabolic brain disease · 2021Article
- Pharmacological Properties, Therapeutic Potential and Molecular Mechanisms of JWH133, a CB2 Receptor-Selective Agonist.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer deaths among women. Cannabinoid receptor 2 (CNR2 or CB2) is an integral part of the endocannabinoid system. Although CNR2 is highly expressed in the breast cancer tissues as well as breast cancer cell lines, its functional role in breast tumorigenesis is not well understood. We observed that estrogen receptor-α negative (ERα-) breast cancer cells highly express epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) as well as insulin-like growth factor-I receptor (IGF-IR). We also observed IGF-IR upregulation in ERα+ breast cancer cells. In addition, we found that higher CNR2 expression correlates with better recurrence free survival in ERα- and ERα+ breast cancer patients. Therefore, we analyzed the role of CNR2 specific agonist (JWH-015) on EGF and/or IGF-I-induced tumorigenic events in ERα- and ERα+ breast cancers. Our studies showed that CNR2 activation inhibited EGF and IGF-I-induced migration and invasion of ERα+ and ERα- breast cancer cells. At the molecular level, JWH-015 inhibited EGFR and IGF-IR activation and their downstream targets STAT3, AKT, ERK, NF-kB and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). In vivo studies showed that JWH-015 significantly reduced breast cancer growth in ERα+ and ERα- breast cancer mouse models. Furthermore, we found that the tumors derived from JWH-015-treated mice showed reduced activation of EGFR and IGF-IR and their downstream targets. In conclusion, we show that CNR2 activation suppresses breast cancer through novel mechanisms by inhibiting EGF/EGFR and IGF-I/IGF-IR signaling axes.
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Identifiers
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.