ArticleViruses2016
Porcine Circovirus Type 2 Activates CaMMKβ to Initiate Autophagy in PK-15 Cells by Increasing Cytosolic Calcium.
Article in Viruses, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed.
- Article
- A multi species autophagy-inducing nano-vaccine platform: uncovering immunoenhancement properties of PCV2 cap nanoparticles.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Article
- Porcine Beclin1 facilitates the proliferation of porcine circovirus type 2 by augmenting autophagy in PK-15 cells.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- Disruption of cellular calcium homeostasis by duck Tembusu virus facilitates viral replication via AMPK pathway activation.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- Autophagy and porcine circovirus infection: a mini review.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Review
- Understanding chronic inflammation: couplings between cytokines, ROS, NO, CaFrontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Article
- PKM2 induces mitophagy through the AMPK-mTOR pathway promoting CSFV proliferation.Journal of virology · 2024Article
- Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infection triggers autophagy via ER stress-induced calcium signaling to facilitate virus replication.PLoS pathogens · 2023Article
- The Multi-Faceted Role of Autophagy During Animal Virus Infection.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Review
- Review
- Article
- Porcine Circovirus 2 Induction of ROS Is Responsible for Mitophagy in PK-15 Cells via Activation of Drp1 Phosphorylation.Viruses · 2020Article
- Article
- Porcine Circovirus Type 2 Induces ORF3-Independent Mitochondrial Apoptosis via PERK Activation and Elevation of Cytosolic Calcium.Journal of virology · 2019Article
- PCV2 replication promoted by oxidative stress is dependent on the regulation of autophagy on apoptosis.Veterinary research · 2019Article
- SeMet attenuates OTA-induced PCV2 replication promotion by inhibiting autophagy by activating the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway.Veterinary research · 2018Article
- Porcine circovirus type 2 capsid protein induces unfolded protein response with subsequent activation of apoptosis.Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. BArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) induces autophagy via the 5' adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)/tuberous sclerosis complex 2 (TSC2)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway in pig kidney PK-15 cells. However, the underlying mechanisms of AMPK activation in autophagy induction remain unknown. With specific inhibitors and RNA interference (RNAi), we show that PCV2 infection upregulated calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase-beta (CaMKKβ) by increasing cytosolic Ca(2+) via inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor (IP3R). Elevation of cytosolic calcium ion (Ca(2+)) did not seem to involve inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) release from phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) by phosphoinositide phospholipase C-gamma (PLC-γ). CaMKKβ then activated both AMPK and calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase I (CaMKI). PCV2 employed CaMKI and Trp-Asp (WD) repeat domain phosphoinositide-interacting protein 1 (WIPI1) as another pathway additional to AMPK signaling in autophagy initiation. Our findings could help better understanding of the signaling pathways of autophagy induction as part of PCV2 pathogenesis. Further research is warranted to study if PCV2 interacts directly with IP3R or indirectly with the molecules that antagonize IP3R activity responsible for increased cytosolic Ca(2+) both in PK-15 cells and PCV2-targeted primary cells from pigs.
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