ArticleEBioMedicine2016
HIV-Nef and ADAM17-Containing Plasma Extracellular Vesicles Induce and Correlate with Immune Pathogenesis in Chronic HIV Infection.
Article in EBioMedicine, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 77 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
77 citing papers in PubMed, 105 citations in OpenAlex.
- Review
- Review
- Immune non-response despite effective antiretroviral therapy in people living with HIV: A review of potential mechanisms, biomarkers and therapeutic approaches.HIV medicine · 2026Review
- Microvesicle Profiles in Patients with HIV, HBV, and HCV Infections: An Exploratory Pilot Study.Microorganisms · 2026Article
- HIV-associated immune remodeling in cervical cancer: implications for immunotherapy, biomarkers, and trial design.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Nef as a driver of immunodeficiency and HIV-associated diseases: insights from mouse models.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Using common features of viruses and EVs for a novel EV-based lateral flow test for HIV.Extracellular vesicle · 2025Article
- Intercellular highways of viral spread: tunneling nanotubes and extracellular vesicles at the maternal-fetal interface.Current opinion in virology · 2025Review
- Characterization of HIV-1 Particles Co-Purified With Three Extracellular Vesicle Subtypes From the Raji CD4 DCIR Cell Line, a Hybrid Model of CD4 T Cells and Dendritic Cells.Journal of extracellular biology · 2025Article
- Phenotypic and epigenetic profiles of circulating NK cells in spontaneous HIV-1 controllers.EBioMedicine · 2025Article
- Multifaceted Role of Nef in HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder: Histopathological Alterations and Underlying Mechanisms.Brain sciences · 2025Review
- The emerging role of extracellular vesicles in viral transmission and immune evasion.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Nef is a key player in neuroinflammation and myelin impairment associated with neuroHIV.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Article
- IL-6 Signaling in Immunopathology: From Basic Biology to Selective Therapeutic Intervention.ImmunoTargets and therapy · 2025Review
- Longitudinal analysis of hsa-miR-3163, hsa-miR-124-3p, hsa-miR-548c-3p, and hsa-miR-27a-3p as prognostic biomarkers in HIV-infected patients.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Serum ADAM17 levels pre-antiviral therapy correlate with HIV patient immune reconstitution.Heliyon · 2024Article
- Innate immune memory in chronic HIV and HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND): potential mechanisms and clinical implications.Journal of neurovirology · 2024Review
- HIV-1 Nef is carried on the surface of extracellular vesicles.Journal of extracellular vesicles · 2024Article
- The Role of Extracellular Vesicles in Pandemic Viral Infections.Journal of microbiology (Seoul, Korea) · 2024Review
- Emergence of Extracellular Vesicles as "Liquid Biopsy" for Neurological Disorders: Boom or Bust.Pharmacological reviews · 2024Review
17 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
14 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Antiretroviral therapy (ART) efficiently suppresses HIV replication but immune activation and low CD4 T cell counts often persist. The underlying mechanism of this ART-resistant pathogenesis is not clear. We observed that levels of plasma extracellular vesicles (pEV) are strongly elevated in HIV infection and do not decline during ART. Surprisingly, these vesicles contained the viral accessory proteins Nef and Vpu, which are assumed to be not expressed under efficient ART, as well as pro-inflammatory effectors, including activated ADAM17. HIV pEV were characterized by the presence of activated αvβ3 and absence of CD81 and Tsg101. Correlating with immune activation, peripheral monocytes ingested large amounts of pEV, giving rise to an increased population of CD1c(+) CD14(+) cells that secreted inflammatory cytokines. Importantly, the pro-inflammatory content, particularly ADAM17 activity, correlated with low T cell counts. Preliminary evidence suggested that HIV pEV derived from peripheral mononuclear cells and from an unknown myeloid cell population. In summary we propose an important role of pro-inflammatory pEV in chronic HIV infection due to ongoing viral Nef activity.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.