Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27209092›Full record

SynthesisSystematic reviews2016

Identifying configurations of behavior change techniques in effective medication adherence interventions: a qualitative comparative analysis.

Leila Kahwati, Meera Viswanathan, Carol E Golin, Heather Kane, Megan Lewis, Sara Jacobs

Abstract readSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Systematic reviews, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
30citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

30 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Leila KahwatiRTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA. lkahwati@rti.org.
Meera ViswanathanRTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA.
Carol E GolinDepartments of Medicine and Health Behavior, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Heather KaneRTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA.
Megan LewisRTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA.
Sara JacobsRTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA.

Funding

Virology, Immunology, and Microbiology CoreP30AI050410 · NIAID · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI DAVID M. MARGOLIS · 2001 to 2026
$76.9M
Feasibility of Using Qualitative Analysis for Systematic Reviews of Complex InterR03HS022563 · AHRQ · RESEARCH TRIANGLE INSTITUTE · PI KAHWATI, LEILA CATHERINE · 2013 to 2014
$99k
AHRQ HHS 1R03HS022563-01AHRQ HHS R03 HS022563NIAID NIH HHS P30 AI050410
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundInterventions to improve medication adherence are diverse and complex. Consequently, synthesizing this evidence is challenging. We aimed to extend the results from an existing systematic review of interventions to improve medication adherence by using qualitative comparative analysis (QCA) to identify necessary or sufficient configurations of behavior change techniques among effective interventions.

methodsWe used data from 60 studies in a completed systematic review to examine the combinations of nine behavior change techniques (increasing knowledge, increasing awareness, changing attitude, increasing self-efficacy, increasing intention formation, increasing action control, facilitation, increasing maintenance support, and motivational interviewing) among studies demonstrating improvements in adherence.

resultsAmong the 60 studies, 34 demonstrated improved medication adherence. Among effective studies, increasing patient knowledge was a necessary but not sufficient technique. We identified seven configurations of behavior change techniques sufficient for improving adherence, which together accounted for 26 (76 %) of the effective studies. The intervention configuration that included increasing knowledge and self-efficacy was the most empirically relevant, accounting for 17 studies (50 %) and uniquely accounting for 15 (44 %).

conclusionsThis analysis extends the completed review findings by identifying multiple combinations of behavior change techniques that improve adherence. Our findings offer direction for policy makers, practitioners, and future comparative effectiveness research on improving adherence.

Indexed as

Health Knowledge, Attitudes, PracticeMedication AdherenceSelf EfficacyBehavior TherapyComparative Effectiveness ResearchHumansMotivational InterviewingQualitative ResearchBehavior changeMedication adherenceQualitative comparative analysisSystematic review

Identifiers

PMID27209092
PMCPMC4875709

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.