ArticleCarcinogenesis2016
A case-control analysis of smoking and breast cancer in African American women: findings from the AMBER Consortium.
Article in Carcinogenesis, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Impact of smoking on subtypes and molecular profile of breast cancer: a systematic review.Exploration of targeted anti-tumor therapy · 2026Pooled it
- The unique risk factor profile of triple-negative breast cancer: a comprehensive meta-analysis.Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2024Pooled it
- The relationship between tobacco and breast cancer incidence: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Pooled it
- Nutritional Formulation for Patients with Angelman Syndrome: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study of Exogenous Ketones.The Journal of nutrition · 2021Trial
- Genetic variants of glucose metabolism and exposure to smoking in African American breast cancer.Endocrine-related cancer · 2023Article
- Lifetime personal cigarette smoking and risk of young-onset breast cancer by subtype among non-Hispanic Black and White women in the Young Women's Health History Study.Breast cancer research and treatment · 2022Article
- Dietary Vitamin A and Breast Cancer Risk in Black Women: The African American Breast Cancer Epidemiology and Risk (AMBER) Consortium.The Journal of nutrition · 2021Article
- The effect of smoking on biological change of recurrent breast cancer.Journal of translational medicine · 2020Article
- Clinical verification of the relationship between smoking and the immune microenvironment of breast cancer.Journal of translational medicine · 2019Article
- Risk factors for Luminal A ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and invasive breast cancer in the Carolina Breast Cancer Study.PloS one · 2019Article
- Racial disparity in breast cancer: can it be mattered for prognosis and therapy.Journal of cell communication and signaling · 2018Review
- State of the evidence 2017: an update on the connection between breast cancer and the environment.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2017Review
- Differential Association of the Lifestyle-Related Risk Factors Smoking and Obesity with Triple Negative Breast Cancer in a Brazilian PopulationAsian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 7 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Recent population studies suggest a role of smoking in the etiology of breast cancer, but few have been conducted among African American women. In a collaborative project of four large studies, we examined associations between smoking measures and breast cancer risk by menopause and hormone receptor status [estrogen receptor-positive (ER+), ER-negative (ER-) and triple-negative (ER-, PR-, HER2-)]. The study included 5791 African American women with breast cancer and 17376 African American controls. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated in multivariable logistic regression analysis with adjustment for study and risk factors. Results differed by menopausal status. Among postmenopausal women, positive associations were observed for long duration and greater pack-years of smoking: relative to never smoking, fully adjusted ORs were 1.14 (95% CI: 1.03-1.26) for duration ≥20 years and 1.16 (95% CI: 1.01-1.33) for ≥20 pack-years. By contrast, inverse associations were observed among premenopausal women, with ORs of 0.80 (95% CI: 0.68-95) for current smoking and 0.81 (95% CI: 0.69-0.96) for former smoking, without trends by duration. Associations among postmenopausal women were somewhat stronger for ER+ breast cancer. The findings suggest that the relation of cigarette smoking to breast cancer risk in African American women may vary by menopausal status and breast cancer subtype.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.