ReviewFrontiers in pharmacology2016
Cysteine Proteases: Modes of Activation and Future Prospects as Pharmacological Targets.
Review in Frontiers in pharmacology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 132 papers.
What it found
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Who cites it
132 citing papers in PubMed, 296 citations in OpenAlex.
- De novo design of cysteine proteases.Nature · 2026Article
- Cathepsin Family Proteases in Prodrug Design: Recent Advances.ChemMedChem · 2026Review
- Extracellular matrix and proteolysis: mechanisms driving irreversible changes and shaping cell behavior.The FEBS journal · 2026Review
- Heparan sulfate promotes autoactivation of procathepsin K by destabilizing the propeptide-catalytic domain interaction.The Biochemical journal · 2026Article
- Cathepsins as Core Players in Obesity Pathogenesis: Emerging Therapeutic Targets.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Biochemical processes, chemical compositions, and nutrient profiles of germinated barley grains after steeping with thiolated and aminated spent brewer's yeast hydrolysates.Food chemistry: X · 2026Article
- Cathepsin L as a Driver of Tumour Invasion and a Novel Therapeutic Target in Ovarian Cancer.Cancers · 2026Review
- The origins and potential cross-species transmission of paramyxoviruses and other RNA viruses between native snakes and invasive Burmese pythons in the Florida Everglades.Journal of virology · 2026Article
- In vivo evaluation of a cytochrome P450 gene from poultry red mite, Dermanyssus gallinae, as a vaccine antigen for chicks.Parasites & vectors · 2026Article
- The structural, functional, and therapeutic potential of metacaspases in fungi and protozoa.The FEBS journal · 2026Review
- To Explore Potential Natural Inhibitors of Cysteine Proteases to Combat Human African Trypanosomiasis and Chagas Disease.Current medicinal chemistry · 2026Review
- Article
- Protein Fragments: From Biomarkers to Therapeutic Targets-A Focus on α1-Antitrypsin-Derived Peptides.Mediators of inflammation · 2026Review
- Design and Evaluation of Dual-Targeted Radionuclide Therapeutics for NTS1 with Improved Tumor Retention through Endolysosomal Trapping.ACS omega · 2025Article
- Production of human cathepsins using Expi293™ mammalian cell expression system for off-target activity of cysteine protease inhibitor screening.Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society · 2025Article
- Structure-Based Insights into Stefin-Mediated Targeting of Fowlerpain-1: Towards Novel Therapeutics forPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Activity-Based Profiling of Papain-like Cysteine Proteases During Late-Stage Leaf Senescence in Barley.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Evaluating the protonation state of the catalytic Cys25 in cruzain cysteine protease: A target for Chagas disease.Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society · 2025Article
- Cysteine proteases and how YabG fits into clan CD of the MEROPS database.Journal of bacteriology · 2025Review
- Structural and functional characterization of IdeC, a novel IgG-specific protease ofInfection and immunity · 2025Article
72 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Proteolytic enzymes are crucial for a variety of biological processes in organisms ranging from lower (virus, bacteria, and parasite) to the higher organisms (mammals). Proteases cleave proteins into smaller fragments by catalyzing peptide bonds hydrolysis. Proteases are classified according to their catalytic site, and distributed into four major classes: cysteine proteases, serine proteases, aspartic proteases, and metalloproteases. This review will cover only cysteine proteases, papain family enzymes which are involved in multiple functions such as extracellular matrix turnover, antigen presentation, processing events, digestion, immune invasion, hemoglobin hydrolysis, parasite invasion, parasite egress, and processing surface proteins. Therefore, they are promising drug targets for various diseases. For preventing unwanted digestion, cysteine proteases are synthesized as zymogens, and contain a prodomain (regulatory) and a mature domain (catalytic). The prodomain acts as an endogenous inhibitor of the mature enzyme. For activation of the mature enzyme, removal of the prodomain is necessary and achieved by different modes. The pro-mature domain interaction can be categorized as protein-protein interactions (PPIs) and may be targeted in a range of diseases. Cysteine protease inhibitors are available that can block the active site but no such inhibitor available yet that can be targeted to block the pro-mature domain interactions and prevent it activation. This review specifically highlights the modes of activation (processing) of papain family enzymes, which involve auto-activation, trans-activation and also clarifies the future aspects of targeting PPIs to prevent the activation of cysteine proteases.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.