ArticleThe International journal on drug policy2016
Income inequality, drug-related arrests, and the health of people who inject drugs: Reflections on seventeen years of research.
Article in The International journal on drug policy, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Policing practices as a structural determinant for HIV among sex workers: a systematic review of empirical findings.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2016Pooled it
- Harm reduction-focused behavioral activation for people who inject drugs: Mixed methods outcomes from a pilot open trial.Journal of substance use and addiction treatment · 2024Trial
- Socioenvironmental disasters and the dialectics of overdose mortality.The International journal on drug policy · 2026Article
- Mechanisms of overdose from unintentional fentanyl use when intending to use stimulants: a qualitative study of people who use stimulants and avoid opioids.Research square · 2026Article
- Dialectical Processes of Health Framework as an Alternative to Social Determinants of Health Framework.American journal of public health · 2025Article
- Opioid use and poisoning in hospitalized patients with chronic kidney disease.Journal of nephrology · 2025Article
- Historical and theoretical roots of the big events framework.The International journal on drug policy · 2024Article
- Substance Use Disorders: Population Prevention.Focus (American Psychiatric Publishing) · 2024Article
- Preventing Substance Use and Overdose Among Young Adults: The Role of Social Determinants of Health.Focus (American Psychiatric Publishing) · 2024Article
- Structural Discrimination against and Structural Support for Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual People as a Predictor of Late HIV Diagnoses among Black Men who Have Sex with Men.Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2024Article
- Social-spatial network structures among young urban and suburban persons who inject drugs in a large metropolitan area.The International journal on drug policy · 2023Article
- Creation and Validation of a New Socio-built Environment Index Measure of Opioid Overdose Risk for Use in Both Non-urban and Urban Settings.Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2023Article
- Will the Russian war in Ukraine unleash larger epidemics of HIV, TB and associated conditions and diseases in Ukraine?Harm reduction journal · 2023Review
- Article
- "I was 15 when I started doing drugs with my dad": Victimization, Social Determinants of Health, and Criminogenic Risk Among Women Opioid Intervention Court Participants.Journal of interpersonal violence · 2022Article
- Racial and Ethnic Disparities in HIV Testing in People Who Use Drugs Admitted to a Tertiary Care Hospital.AIDS patient care and STDs · 2022Article
- Engaging Adolescents in the Fight Against Drug Abuse and Addiction: A Concept Mapping Approach.Health education & behavior : the official publication of the Society for Public Health Education · 2022Article
- Article
- Developing explanatory models for life course shifts in the burden of substance use to inform future policy and practice.The International journal on drug policy · 2021Article
- Dynamics of Parental Opioid Use and Children's Health and Well-Being: An Integrative Systems Mapping Approach.Frontiers in psychology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
This paper reviews and then discusses selected findings from a seventeen year study about the population prevalence of people who inject drugs (PWID) and of HIV prevalence and mortality among PWID in 96 large US metropolitan areas. Unlike most research, this study was conducted with the metropolitan area as the level of analysis. It found that metropolitan area measures of income inequality and of structural racism predicted all of these outcomes, and that rates of arrest for heroin and/or cocaine predicted HIV prevalence and mortality but did not predict changes in PWID population prevalence. Income inequality and measures of structural racism were associated with hard drug arrests or other properties of policing. These findings, whose limitations and implications for further research are discussed, suggest that efforts to respond to HIV and to drug injection should include supra-individual efforts to reduce both income inequality and racism. At a time when major social movements in many countries are trying to reduce inequality, racism and oppression (including reforming drug laws), these macro-social issues in public health should be both addressable and a priority in both research and action.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.