Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27197297›Full record

ArticleCancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology2016

The Effect of Patient and Contextual Characteristics on Racial/Ethnic Disparity in Breast Cancer Mortality.

Richard Sposto, Theresa H M Keegan, Cheryl Vigen, Marilyn L Kwan, Leslie Bernstein, Esther M John, Iona Cheng, Juan Yang, Jocelyn Koo, Allison W Kurian and 6 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
20citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

20 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Engaging Patient Advocates to Reduce Breast Cancer Disparities: Opportunities to Advance Breast Cancer Research and Engagement.Journal of cancer education : the official journal of the American Association for Cancer Education · 2026
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Contributions of Social Factors to Disparities in Prostate Cancer Risk Profiles among Black Men and Non-Hispanic White Men with Prostate Cancer in California.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2022
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Multilevel social factors and NICU quality of care in California.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2021
    Article
  13. Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Survival after Breast Cancer Diagnosis by Estrogen and Progesterone Receptor Status: A Pooled Analysis.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2021
    Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. The Detroit Research on Cancer Survivors (ROCS) Pilot Study: A Focus on Outcomes after Cancer in a Racially Diverse Patient Population.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2019
    Article
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Cancer Survival: The Contribution of Tumor, Sociodemographic, Institutional, and Neighborhood Characteristics.Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology · 2018
    Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors.

Richard SpostoDepartment of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California. Children's Center for Cancer and Blood Diseases, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California. rsposto@chla.usc.edu.
Theresa H M KeeganDivision of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, Sacramento, California.
Cheryl VigenDepartment of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.
Marilyn L KwanDivision of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California.
Leslie BernsteinCity of Hope, Duarte, California.
Esther M JohnCancer Prevention Institute of California, Fremont, California. Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford, California. Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.
Iona ChengCancer Prevention Institute of California, Fremont, California. Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford, California.
Juan YangCancer Prevention Institute of California, Fremont, California.
Jocelyn KooCancer Prevention Institute of California, Fremont, California.
Allison W KurianStanford Cancer Institute, Stanford, California. Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.
Bette J CaanDivision of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California.
Yani LuCity of Hope, Duarte, California.
Kristine R MonroeDepartment of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.
Salma Shariff-MarcoCancer Prevention Institute of California, Fremont, California. Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford, California. Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.
Scarlett Lin GomezCancer Prevention Institute of California, Fremont, California. Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford, California. Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.
Anna H WuDepartment of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.

Funding

CALIFORNIA COORDINATED CANCER PREVENTION & CONTROL PROGRAMU58DP003862 · DP · CALIFORNIA STATE DEPT OF PUBLIC HEALTH · PI SNIPES, KURT P · 2012 to 2014
$31.5M
CALIFORNIA TEACHERS STUDYR01CA077398 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI BERNSTEIN, LESLIE · 1998 to 2014
$29.7M
Multiethnic Cohort Study of Diet and CancerR37CA054281 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF HAWAII AT MANOA · PI KOLONEL, LAURENCE N. · 2003 to 2012
$23.2M
CALIFORNIA'S PARTICIPATION IN THE NATIONAL CANCER PREVENTION AND CONTRO PROGRAMU58DP000807 · DP · PUBLIC HEALTH INSTITUTE · PI SNIPES, KURT P · 2007 to 2011
$22.5M
Understanding Ethnic Differences in Cancer: The Multiethnic Cohort StudyUM1CA164973 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF HAWAII AT MANOA · PI HENDERSON, BRIAN E, LE MARCHAND, LOIC · 2012 to 2014
$11.3M
MULTIETHNIC/MINORITY COHORT STUDY OF DIET AND CANCERR01CA054281 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF HAWAII AT MANOA · PI KOLONEL, LAURENCE N. · 1993 to 2002
$4.5M
Molecular Profiles and Lifestyle Factors in Breast Cancer PrognosisR01CA129059 · NCI · KAISER FOUNDATION RESEARCH INSTITUTE · PI CAAN, BETTE J · 2009 to 2013
$3.6M
Research and Mentoring on Energetic Factors and Cancer: Established InvestigatorK05CA136967 · NCI · BECKMAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE/CITY OF HOPE · PI BERNSTEIN, LESLIE · 2009 to 2013
$684k
BREAST CANCER AND THE BIRTH CONTROL PILL-275933175N01HD033175 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · 1993 to 2003
$298k
BREAST CANCER RISK FACTORS IN HISPANIC WOMENR01CA063446 · NCI · NORTHERN CALIFORNIA CANCER CENTER · PI JOHN, ESTHER M · 1995 to 1998
–
NCCDPHP CDC HHS U58 DP000807NCCDPHP CDC HHS U58 DP003862NCI NIH HHS HHSN261201000034CNCI NIH HHS HHSN261201000035CNCI NIH HHS HHSN261201000035INCI NIH HHS HHSN261201000140CNCI NIH HHS K05 CA136967NCI NIH HHS R01 CA054281NCI NIH HHS R01 CA063446NCI NIH HHS R01 CA077398NCI NIH HHS R01 CA129059NCI NIH HHS R37 CA054281NCI NIH HHS UM1 CA164973NICHD NIH HHS N01 HD033175
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundRacial/ethnic disparity in breast cancer-specific mortality in the United States is well documented. We examined whether accounting for racial/ethnic differences in the prevalence of clinical, patient, and lifestyle and contextual factors that are associated with breast cancer-specific mortality can explain this disparity.

methodsThe California Breast Cancer Survivorship Consortium combined interview data from six California-based breast cancer studies with cancer registry data to create a large, racially diverse cohort of women with primary invasive breast cancer. We examined the contribution of variables in a previously reported Cox regression baseline model plus additional contextual, physical activity, body size, and comorbidity variables to the racial/ethnic disparity in breast cancer-specific mortality.

resultsThe cohort comprised 12,098 women. Fifty-four percent were non-Latina Whites, 17% African Americans, 17% Latinas, and 12% Asian Americans. In a model adjusting only for age and study, breast cancer-specific HRs relative to Whites were 1.69 (95% CI, 1.46-1.96), 1.00 (0.84-1.19), and 0.52 (0.33-0.85) for African Americans, Latinas, and Asian Americans, respectively. Adjusting for baseline-model variables decreased disparity primarily by reducing the HR for African Americans to 1.13 (0.96-1.33). The most influential variables were related to disease characteristics, neighborhood socioeconomic status, and smoking status at diagnosis. Other variables had negligible impact on disparity.

conclusionsAlthough contextual, physical activity, body size, and comorbidity variables may influence breast cancer-specific mortality, they do not explain racial/ethnic mortality disparity. IMPACT: Other factors besides those investigated here may explain the existing racial/ethnic disparity in mortality. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 25(7); 1064-72. ©2016 AACR.

Indexed as

Healthcare DisparitiesAsianBlack or African AmericanBody SizeBreast NeoplasmsCaliforniaCohort StudiesComorbidityExerciseFemaleHispanic or LatinoHumansProportional Hazards ModelsRisk FactorsWhite People

Identifiers

PMID27197297
PMCPMC4930680

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.