Observational studyCancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology2016
Serum Estrogens and Estrogen Metabolites and Endometrial Cancer Risk among Postmenopausal Women.
Observational study in Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 54 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
54 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 97 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association of the Age at Menarche with Site-Specific Cancer Risks in Pooled Data from Nine Cohorts.Cancer research · 2021Pooled it
- Remodeling of Oncogene-Related Molecular Networks Following Bariatric Surgery: a Multi-Omics Study.Obesity surgery · 2026Article
- BMI-Dependent Correlations of Sex Hormone Genes with Simple Endometrial Hyperplasia.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Temporal Clustering of Endometrial Cancer and Hyperplasia in HRT Users with Unscheduled Bleeding: A Retrospective NHS Cohort Study.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2026Observational
- Estrogen metabolism-related lifestyle score and risk of postmenopausal breast, endometrial, and ovarian cancers: findings from two large prospective cohort studies.Cancer prevention research (Philadelphia, Pa.) · 2026Article
- The effects of tamoxifen and its metabolites on circulating estrogen metabolites among pre- and postmenopausal women.Steroids · 2026Article
- Estrogen Promotes Endometrial Cancer Development by Modulating ZNF626, SLK, and RFWD3 Gene Expression and Inducing Immune Inflammatory Changes.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Prospective cohort of pre-diagnosis hormone exposure and post-diagnosis sex hormone levels with survival outcomes: Alberta Endometrial Cancer Cohort Study.Endocrine oncology (Bristol, England) · 2025Article
- What Is the Real Impact of Smoking on Diseases Alleged to Benefit from It?European addiction research · 2025Review
- Human Cytochrome P450 Cancer-Related Metabolic Activities and Gene Polymorphisms: A Review.Cells · 2024Review
- Associations of tubal ligation and hysterectomy with serum androgen and estrogen metabolites among postmenopausal women in the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study.Cancer causes & control : CCC · 2024Observational
- Endogenous estrogen metabolites as oxidative stress mediators and endometrial cancer biomarkers.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2024Review
- Total Effective Xenoestrogen Burden in Serum Samples and Risk of Endometrial Cancer in the Spanish Screenwide Case-Control Study.Environmental health perspectives · 2024Article
- Urinary Androgens Provide Additional Evidence Related to Metabolism and Are Correlated With Serum Androgens in Girls.Journal of the Endocrine Society · 2024Article
- The effect of lipidomes on the risk of endometrioid endometrial cancer: a Mendelian randomization study.Frontiers in oncology · 2024Article
- Night shift work, sleep duration and endometrial cancer risk: A pooled analysis from the Epidemiology of Endometrial Cancer Consortium (E2C2).Sleep medicine reviews · 2023Review
- Associations of Circulating Estrogens and Estrogen Metabolites with Fecal and Oral Microbiome in Postmenopausal Women in the Ghana Breast Health Study.Microbiology spectrum · 2023Article
- The Co-Expression of Estrogen Receptors ERα, ERβ, and GPER in Endometrial Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Cigarette Smoking and Endometrial Cancer Risk: Observational and Mendelian Randomization Analyses.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2022Observational
- Drinking Water Disinfection Byproducts, Ingested Nitrate, and Risk of Endometrial Cancer in Postmenopausal Women.Environmental health perspectives · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 8 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAlthough endometrial cancer is clearly influenced by hormonal factors, few epidemiologic studies have investigated the role of endogenous estrogens or especially estrogen metabolites.
methodsWe conducted a nested case-control study within the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study (WHI-OS), a cohort of 93,676 postmenopausal women recruited between 1993 and 1998. Using baseline serum samples from women who were non-current hormone users with intact uteri, we measured 15 estrogens/estrogen metabolites via HPLC/MS-MS among 313 incident endometrial cancer cases (271 type I, 42 type II) and 354 matched controls, deriving adjusted ORs and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for overall and subtype-specific endometrial cancer risk.
resultsParent estrogens (estrone and estradiol) were positively related to endometrial cancer risk, with the highest risk observed for unconjugated estradiol (OR 5th vs. 1st quintile = 6.19; 95% CI, 2.95-13.03, Ptrend = 0.0001). Nearly all metabolites were significantly associated with elevated risks, with some attenuation after adjustment for unconjugated estradiol (residual risks of 2- to 3-fold). Body mass index (kg/m(2), BMI) relations were somewhat reduced after adjustment for estrogen levels. The association with unconjugated estradiol was stronger for type I than type II tumors (Phet = 0.01).
conclusionsParent estrogens as well as individual metabolites appeared to exert generalized uterotropic activity, particularly for type I tumors. The effects of obesity on risk were only partially explained by estrogens. IMPACT: These findings enhance our understanding of estrogen mechanisms involved in endometrial carcinogenesis but also highlight the need for studying additional markers that may underlie the effects on risk of certain risk factors, for example, obesity. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 25(7); 1081-9. ©2016 AACR.
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