Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27193783›Full record

ArticleMolecular systems biology2016

A population-based temporal logic gate for timing and recording chemical events.

Victoria Hsiao, Yutaka Hori, Paul Wk Rothemund, Richard M Murray

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Molecular systems biology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
39citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

39 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Tunable low-rate genomic recombination with Cre-Applied and environmental microbiology · 2026
    Article
  2. Diary of a cell in DNA 'chyrons'.Nature chemical biology · 2025
    Article
  3. Article
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  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Untethered Soft Microrobots with Adaptive Logic Gates.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2023
    Article
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. DNA Strand-Displacement Temporal Logic Circuits.Journal of the American Chemical Society · 2022
    Article
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Victoria HsiaoBiology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA vhsiao@caltech.edu.ORCID 0000-0001-9297-1522
Yutaka HoriApplied Physics and Physico-Informatics, Keio University, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan.
Paul Wk RothemundComputation & Neural Systems, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA.
Richard M MurrayBiology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Engineered bacterial sensors have potential applications in human health monitoring, environmental chemical detection, and materials biosynthesis. While such bacterial devices have long been engineered to differentiate between combinations of inputs, their potential to process signal timing and duration has been overlooked. In this work, we present a two-input temporal logic gate that can sense and record the order of the inputs, the timing between inputs, and the duration of input pulses. Our temporal logic gate design relies on unidirectional DNA recombination mediated by bacteriophage integrases to detect and encode sequences of input events. For an E. coli strain engineered to contain our temporal logic gate, we compare predictions of Markov model simulations with laboratory measurements of final population distributions for both step and pulse inputs. Although single cells were engineered to have digital outputs, stochastic noise created heterogeneous single-cell responses that translated into analog population responses. Furthermore, when single-cell genetic states were aggregated into population-level distributions, these distributions contained unique information not encoded in individual cells. Thus, final differentiated sub-populations could be used to deduce order, timing, and duration of transient chemical events.

Indexed as

BacteriophagesBiosensing TechniquesEscherichia coliGenetic EngineeringHumansIntegrasesMarkov ChainsRecombination, GeneticSynthetic BiologyIntegrasesDNA memoryevent detectorsintegrasespopulation analysisstochastic biomolecular models

Identifiers

PMID27193783
PMCPMC5289221

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.