ReviewClinical and vaccine immunology : CVI2016
Immunoglobulin M for Acute Infection: True or False?
Review in Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 60 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
60 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 109 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Guide to Utilization of the Microbiology Laboratory for Diagnosis of Infectious Diseases: 2018 Update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America and the American Society for Microbiology.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2018Guideline
- Update of the recommendations of the Sociedade Portuguesa de Cuidados Intensivos and the Infection and Sepsis Group for the approach to COVID-19 in Intensive Care Medicine.Revista Brasileira de terapia intensivaPooled it
- Hepatitis B virus core immunoglobulin M: false positive more common than true.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2026Article
- Changes in Hepatitis A seroprevalence over 11 years and the impact of the National Vaccination Program in Bursa, Türkiye.Irish journal of medical science · 2026Article
- Age-Dependent Hepatic Involvement in Pediatric Epstein-Barr Virus Infection: Clinical Associations and Biochemical Recovery Patterns.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Reply to the Letter: "Uncovering the Missing Links: Autoimmunity and Infection in Pediatric Arterial Ischemic Stroke".Arquivos de neuro-psiquiatria · 2026Article
- Fetal brain injury in the pump twin of a TRAP sequence with favorable postnatal outcome: a case report.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2025Article
- Comparative evaluation of four commercial analyzers for the serological screening of hepatitis A.Virology journal · 2025Article
- IgM Antibody Detection as a Diagnostic Marker for Acute Toxoplasmosis: Current Status of Studies and Main Limitations.Antibodies (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- A diagnostic host-specific transcriptome response for Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia to guide pediatric patient treatment.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Case Report: PositiveFrontiers in pediatrics · 2025Article
- Diagnosis of West Nile virus infections: Evaluation of different laboratory methods.World journal of virology · 2024Article
- Rio Mamore Hantavirus Endemicity, Peruvian Amazon, 2020.Emerging infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Measles and Rubella Diagnostic and Classification Challenges in Near- and Post-Elimination Countries.Vaccines · 2024Review
- Performance of two modified two-tier algorithms for the serologic diagnosis of Lyme disease.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2024Article
- Assessment of the Diagnostic Performance of Fully Automated Hepatitis E Virus (HEV) Antibody Tests.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Patient with suspected co-infection of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome and malaria: a case report.Frontiers in medicine · 2024Article
- Serological Evidence and Self-reported Outcomes in Patients with Adrenal Insufficiency during the First Waves of COVID-19 in North-East Italy.Endocrine, metabolic & immune disorders drug targets · 2024Article
- Performance Evaluation of VIDASDiagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Immunoglobulin M (IgM) tests have clear clinical utility but also suffer disproportionately from false-positive results, which in turn can lead to misdiagnoses, inappropriate therapy, and premature closure of a diagnostic workup. Despite numerous reports in the literature, many clinicians and laboratorians remain unaware of this issue. In this brief review, a series of virology case examples is presented. However, a false-positive IgM can occur with any pathogen. Thus, when an accurate diagnosis is essential for therapy, prognosis, infection control, or public health, when the patient is sick enough to be hospitalized, or when the clinical or epidemiologic findings do not fit, IgM detection should not be accepted as a stand-alone test. Rather, whenever possible, the diagnosis should be confirmed by other means, including testing of serial samples and the application of additional test methods.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.