ArticleInternational journal of biometeorology2016
Impact of shade on outdoor thermal comfort-a seasonal field study in Tempe, Arizona.
Article in International journal of biometeorology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers.
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Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed.
- Seasonal outdoor thermal comfort and neutral PET thresholds in a severe cold Dwa climate city of Shenyang China.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Field study of thermal comfort of the elderly in tree-shaded areas of urban parks in the cold area of China.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Urban Microclimates and Their Relationship with Social Isolation: A Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Review
- Risk factors associated with indicators of dehydration among migrant farmworkers.Environmental research · 2024Article
- Article
- Healthy Patients, Workforce and Environment: Coupling Climate Adaptation and Mitigation to Wellbeing in Healthcare.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Humidity's Role in Heat-Related Health Outcomes: A Heated Debate.Environmental health perspectives · 2023Article
- Beyond heat exposure - new methods to quantify and link personal heat exposure, stress, and strain in diverse populations and climates: The journalTemperature (Austin, Tex.) · 2023Article
- Research Progress and Hotspot Evolution Analysis of Landscape Microclimate: Visual Analysis Based on CNKI and WOS.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Verification of the Perception of the Local Community concerning Air Quality Using ADMS-Roads Modeling.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- The use of sun-shade on safe heat exposure limit on a sunny summer day: a modelling study in Japan.International journal of biometeorology · 2022Article
- Mask wearing behavior in hot urban spaces of Novi Sad during the COVID-19 pandemic.The Science of the total environment · 2022Article
- Behavioural thermal regulation explains pedestrian path choices in hot urban environments.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Evaporative misters for urban cooling and comfort: effectiveness and motivations for use.International journal of biometeorology · 2022Article
- Public transit infrastructure and heat perceptions in hot and dry climates.International journal of biometeorology · 2022Article
- A regression-based three-phase approach to assess outdoor thermal comfort in informal micro-entrepreneurial settings in tropical Mumbai.International journal of biometeorology · 2022Article
- Spatial differences in thermal comfort in summer in coastal areas: A study on Dalian, China.Frontiers in public health · 2022Article
- Technological opportunities for sensing of the health effects of weather and climate change: a state-of-the-art-review.International journal of biometeorology · 2021Review
- Field study of pedestrians' comfort temperatures under outdoor and semi-outdoor conditions in Malaysian university campuses.International journal of biometeorology · 2021Article
- Improving street walkability: Biometeorological assessment of artificial-partial shade structures in summer sunny conditions.International journal of biometeorology · 2020Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Shade plays an important role in designing pedestrian-friendly outdoor spaces in hot desert cities. This study investigates the impact of photovoltaic canopy shade and tree shade on thermal comfort through meteorological observations and field surveys at a pedestrian mall on Arizona State University's Tempe campus. During the course of 1 year, on selected clear calm days representative of each season, we conducted hourly meteorological transects from 7:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m. and surveyed 1284 people about their thermal perception, comfort, and preferences. Shade lowered thermal sensation votes by approximately 1 point on a semantic differential 9-point scale, increasing thermal comfort in all seasons except winter. Shade type (tree or solar canopy) did not significantly impact perceived comfort, suggesting that artificial and natural shades are equally efficient in hot dry climates. Globe temperature explained 51 % of the variance in thermal sensation votes and was the only statistically significant meteorological predictor. Important non-meteorological factors included adaptation, thermal comfort vote, thermal preference, gender, season, and time of day. A regression of subjective thermal sensation on physiological equivalent temperature yielded a neutral temperature of 28.6 °C. The acceptable comfort range was 19.1 °C-38.1 °C with a preferred temperature of 20.8 °C. Respondents exposed to above neutral temperature felt more comfortable if they had been in air-conditioning 5 min prior to the survey, indicating a lagged response to outdoor conditions. Our study highlights the importance of active solar access management in hot urban areas to reduce thermal stress.
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