ReviewImmunity2016
Co-stimulatory and Co-inhibitory Pathways in Autoimmunity.
Review in Immunity, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 158 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
158 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 313 citations in OpenAlex.
- Immune checkpoint inhibitors in Cancer patients with rheumatologic preexisting autoimmune diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC cancer · 2024Pooled it
- In or out of control: Modulating regulatory T cell homeostasis and function with immune checkpoint pathways.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Pooled it
- BCMA-BBZ-OX40 CAR-T Therapy Using an Instant Manufacturing Platform in Multiple Myeloma.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2024Trial
- A narrative review of immune checkpoint inhibitor-related cardiotoxicity in lung cancer: mechanisms, risk stratification, and clinical management.Journal of thoracic disease · 2026Review
- Soluble immune checkpoints reflect immune activation and treatment response in high-risk systemic sclerosis patients treated with plasma exchange.Journal of translational autoimmunity · 2026Article
- Immune Checkpoint Signatures Reveal Stage-Specific Biomarkers for High-Activity Multiple Sclerosis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Balancing Intrinsic and Extrinsic Factors in CD8Immune network · 2026Review
- Cancer immunotherapy strategies based on transition‑metal medical materials: Still a long way to go (Review).International journal of oncology · 2026Review
- Application of monoclonal antibodies in diabetes: A bibliometric analysis from 2004-2024.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Article
- Enhancement of CAR-T cell efficacy and persistence via CD30 costimulation and NF-κB signaling.Molecular cancer · 2025Article
- Molecular Mechanism for the Selective Presentation of Antigenic Peptides by Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I and Class II Molecules: A Hypothesis.Current issues in molecular biology · 2025Article
- CD28 and ICOS in immune regulation: Structural insights and therapeutic targeting.Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters · 2025Review
- Article
- Mechanisms of immune suppression in sepsis/shock: one investigator's/lab group's experience (SLB 2024 legacy award presentation).Journal of leukocyte biology · 2025Article
- Platforms for studying cell-cell recognition by immune cells.Immunology and cell biology · 2025Review
- [Exploring the Causal Relationship Between Circulating Immune Cells and Autoimmune Hepatitis Through Mendelian Randomization Analysis].Sichuan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Sichuan University. Medical science edition · 2025Article
- Exploring radiation resistance-related genes in pancreatic cancer and their impact on patient prognosis and treatment.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Transcriptomic signatures in peripheral CD4Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Characterization of Dendritic Cells and Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells Expressing Major Histocompatibility Complex Class II in Secondary Lymphoid Organs in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus-Prone Mice.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Inhibitory immune checkpoints suppress the surveillance of senescent cells promoting their accumulation with aging and in age-related diseases.Biogerontology · 2024Review
98 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The immune system is guided by a series of checks and balances, a major component of which is a large array of co-stimulatory and co-inhibitory pathways that modulate the host response. Although co-stimulation is essential for boosting and shaping the initial response following signaling through the antigen receptor, inhibitory pathways are also critical for modulating the immune response. Excessive co-stimulation and/or insufficient co-inhibition can lead to a breakdown of self-tolerance and thus to autoimmunity. In this review, we will focus on the role of co-stimulatory and co-inhibitory pathways in two systemic (systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis) and two organ-specific (multiple sclerosis and type 1 diabetes) emblematic autoimmune diseases. We will also discuss how mechanistic analysis of these pathways has led to the identification of potential therapeutic targets and initiation of clinical trials for autoimmune diseases, as well as outline some of the challenges that lie ahead.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.