Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27192037›Full record

ArticleeLife2016

Compaction and segregation of sister chromatids via active loop extrusion.

Anton Goloborodko, Maxim V Imakaev, John F Marko, Leonid Mirny

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in eLife, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 194 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
194citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

194 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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  4. Chromosome segregation in a minimal bacterial cell driven by SMC protein complexes.Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society · 2026
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Article
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  11. Exploring the energy landscape of bacterial chromosome segregation.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
    Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Article

134 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Anton GoloborodkoDepartment of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-2210-8616
Maxim V ImakaevDepartment of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, United States.
John F MarkoDepartment of Molecular Biosciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, United States.
Leonid MirnyDepartment of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-0785-5410

Funding

Tumor Environment and Metastasis (TEAM) Research ProgramP30CA060553 · NCI · NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY AT CHICAGO · PI Daniela E Matei · 1993 to 2026
$153.9M
Structural Annotation of the Human GenomeR01HG003143 · NHGRI · UNIV OF MASSACHUSETTS MED SCH WORCESTER · PI Job Dekker · 2003 to 2026
$15.4M
Center for 3D Structure and Physics of the GenomeU54DK107980 · NIDDK · UNIV OF MASSACHUSETTS MED SCH WORCESTER · PI DEKKER, JOB, MIRNY, LEONID A · 2015 to 2019
$14.9M
Spatio-Temporal Organization of Chromatin and Information Transfer in CancerU54CA193419 · NCI · NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY AT CHICAGO · PI BACKMAN, VADIM · 2015 to 2020
$10.4M
Polymer models of mitotic and interphase chromosomesR01GM114190 · NIGMS · MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY · PI MIRNY, LEONID A · 2015 to 2023
$2.8M
Activities of nucleoprotein complexes visualized in single-molecule experimentsR01GM105847 · NIGMS · NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY · PI MARKO, JOHN F · 2013 to 2025
$2.5M
NCI NIH HHS U54 CA193419NHGRI NIH HHS R01 HG003143NIDDK NIH HHS U54 DK107980NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM105847NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM114190
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The mechanism by which chromatids and chromosomes are segregated during mitosis and meiosis is a major puzzle of biology and biophysics. Using polymer simulations of chromosome dynamics, we show that a single mechanism of loop extrusion by condensins can robustly compact, segregate and disentangle chromosomes, arriving at individualized chromatids with morphology observed in vivo. Our model resolves the paradox of topological simplification concomitant with chromosome 'condensation', and explains how enzymes a few nanometers in size are able to control chromosome geometry and topology at micron length scales. We suggest that loop extrusion is a universal mechanism of genome folding that mediates functional interactions during interphase and compacts chromosomes during mitosis.

Indexed as

Chromosome SegregationDNA ReplicationMeiosisMitosisAdenosine TriphosphatasesChromatidsComputer SimulationDNA-Binding ProteinsModels, BiologicalMultiprotein ComplexesAdenosine Triphosphatasescondensin complexesDNA-Binding ProteinsMultiprotein Complexesbiophysicschromosomechromosomescompactiongenesmolecular dynamicsnonepolymersimulationsstructural biology

Identifiers

PMID27192037
PMCPMC4914367

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.