SynthesisEmerging infectious diseases2016
Heterogeneous and Dynamic Prevalence of Asymptomatic Influenza Virus Infections.
Synthesis in Emerging infectious diseases, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 61 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
61 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2021Pooled it
- Proportion of asymptomatic coronavirus disease 2019: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of medical virology · 2021Pooled it
- Prevalence of asymptomatic Zika virus infection: a systematic review.Bulletin of the World Health Organization · 2018Pooled it
- Asymptomatic Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) infection: Extent and implications for infection control: A systematic review.Travel medicine and infectious diseasePooled it
- Accuracy of comprehensive PCR analysis of nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swabs for CT-scan-confirmed pneumonia in elderly patients: a prospective cohort study.Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases · 2019Trial
- Preoperative Carriage of Respiratory Viruses and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome After Cardiac Surgery: Protocol for the VIRUS-ATTAC Prospective Cohort Study.JMIR research protocols · 2026Article
- Environmental temperature and relative humidity shape post-emission aerosol fate and airborne influenza transmission.Journal of virology · 2026Article
- A Human Mobility-Based Modeling Study of Influenza Vaccination Strategies Across Socioeconomically Disparate Regions in China.Vaccines · 2026Article
- Article
- Dermcidin has antiviral activity and protects against influenza.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- An agent-based model of the effects of limited vaccination on novel respiratory infections.Journal of clinical epidemiology · 2026Article
- Point-of-care and Home Use Influenza Diagnostics for Advancing Therapeutic and Public Health Strategies.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2025Review
- Asymptomatic and Mildly Symptomatic Influenza Virus Infections by Season: Case-Ascertained Household Transmission Studies, United States, 2017-2023.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Long-Term Sewage Survey of SARS-CoV-2, Influenza A and Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV), and Correlation to Human Cases in a City with One Million Inhabitants.Microorganisms · 2025Article
- Respiratory tract infections at the Grand Magal de Touba: a seven-year study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- A Potential Platform for Future Vaccine Trials Identifies a High Incidence of Symptomatic and Asymptomatic Influenza Infection Among Children Aged 6 to 23 Months in South Africa.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Impact of meteorological factors on influenza incidence in Wuxi from 2014 to 2019: a time series and comprehensive analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Article
- In silico prediction of pathogen's pandemic potential using the viral trait assessment for pandemics (ViTAP) model.PNAS nexus · 2024Article
- A proactive/reactive mass screening approach with uncertain symptomatic cases.PLoS computational biology · 2024Article
1 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Influenza infection manifests in a wide spectrum of severity, including symptomless pathogen carriers. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of 55 studies to elucidate the proportional representation of these asymptomatic infected persons. We observed extensive heterogeneity among these studies. The prevalence of asymptomatic carriage (total absence of symptoms) ranged from 5.2% to 35.5% and subclinical cases (illness that did not meet the criteria for acute respiratory or influenza-like illness) from 25.4% to 61.8%. Statistical analysis showed that the heterogeneity could not be explained by the type of influenza, the laboratory tests used to detect the virus, the year of the study, or the location of the study. Projections of infection spread and strategies for disease control require that we identify the proportional representation of these insidious spreaders early on in the emergence of new influenza subtypes or strains and track how this rate evolves over time and space.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.