ArticleNephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association2017
APOL1-associated glomerular disease among African-American children: a collaboration of the Chronic Kidney Disease in Children (CKiD) and Nephrotic Syndrome Study Network (NEPTUNE) cohorts.
Article in Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT00327860 (Chronic Kidney Disease in Children Prospective Cohort Study), which is not on this map. Cited by 54 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Chronic Kidney Disease in Children Prospective Cohort Study (CKiD)
Who cites it
54 citing papers in PubMed, 69 citations in OpenAlex.
- Update on APOL1 and chronic kidney diseases in children.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2026Review
- APOL1 and chronic kidney disease in pediatrics: a study from the Biorepository and Integrative Genomics Initiative.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2026Article
- Association between estimated time with low glomerular filtration rate and access to transplant among youth with advanced chronic kidney disease.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2026Article
- APOL1 kidney risk variants and outcomes in children with congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2026Article
- The Longitudinal Effect of APOL1 Risk Alleles on Sickle Cell Anemia-Associated Kidney Function.American journal of hematology · 2026Observational
- The Impact of Exercises and Physical Activity Programs on Paediatric Patients Undergoing Haemodialysis in Africa: A Scoping Review.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Precision Diagnosis in APOL1 Kidney Disease With the p.N264K M1 Protective Variant.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- KDOQI US Commentary on the KDIGO 2025 Clinical Practice Guideline for the Management of Nephrotic Syndrome in Children.American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation · 2026Review
- The interplay between the cardiovascular system and pediatric congenital or acquired kidney diseases.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2025Review
- APOL1 kidney disease: conclusions from a Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Controversies Conference.Kidney international · 2025Article
- Review
- Hypertensive Nephrosclerosis: Pathological Changes and Overlap with Diabetic Nephropathy.Cureus · 2025Review
- Association between Apolipoprotein L1 genetic variants and risk of preeclampsia and preterm birth among U.S. Black women.European journal of obstetrics & gynecology and reproductive biology: X · 2025Article
- Steroid-Resistant Nephrotic Syndrome Is Associated With a Unique Genetic Profile in a Highly Admixed Pediatric Population.Kidney international reports · 2024Article
- Pediatric contributions and lessons learned from the NEPTUNE cohort study.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2024Review
- National Unified Renal Translational Research Enterprise: Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome (NURTuRE-INS) study.Clinical kidney journal · 2024Article
- Rationale and design of the Nephrotic Syndrome Study Network (NEPTUNE) Match in glomerular diseases: designing the right trial for the right patient, today.Kidney international · 2024Article
- The association of low birthweight and prematurity on outcomes in children and adults with nephrotic syndrome-a NEPTUNE cohort study.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2023Article
- Hiding in plain sight: genetics of childhood steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome in Sub-Saharan Africa.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2023Review
- Fetal High-Risk APOL1 Genotype Increases Risk for Small for Gestational Age in Term Infants Affected by Preeclampsia.Neonatology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
19 authors at 13 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundIndividuals of African ancestry harboring two variant alleles within apolipoprotein L1 ( APOL1 ) are classified with a high-risk (HR) genotype. Adults with an HR genotype have increased risk of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis and chronic kidney disease compared with those with a low-risk (LR) genotype (0 or 1 variants). The role of APOL1 risk genotypes in children with glomerular disease is less well known.
methodsThis study characterized 104 African-American children with a glomerular disease by APOL1 genotype in two cohorts: the Chronic Kidney Disease in Children (CKiD) and Nephrotic Syndrome Study Network (NEPTUNE).
resultsAmong these subjects, 46% had an HR genotype with a similar age at cohort enrollment. For APOL1 HR children, the median age of disease onset was older (CKiD: 4.5 versus 11.5 years for LR versus HR; NEPTUNE: 11 versus 14 years for LR versus HR, respectively) and preterm birth was more common [CKiD: 27 versus 4%; NEPTUNE: 26 versus 12%; combined odds ratio 4.6 (95% confidence interval: 1.4, 15.5)]. Within studies, HR children had lower initial estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (CKiD: 53 versus 69 mL/min/1.73 m 2 ; NEPTUNE: 74 versus 94 mL/min/1.73 m 2 ). Longitudinal eGFR decline was faster among HR children versus LR (CKiD: -18 versus -8% per year; NEPTUNE: -13 versus -3% per year).
conclusionsChildren with an HR genotype in CKiD and NEPTUNE seem to have a more aggressive form of glomerular disease, in part due to a higher prevalence of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. These consistent findings across independent cohorts suggest a common natural history for children with APOL1 -associated glomerular disease. Further study is needed to determine the generalizability of these findings.
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