ArticleBrain : a journal of neurology2016
Migraine photophobia originating in cone-driven retinal pathways.
Article in Brain : a journal of neurology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03857074 (Effects of Green Light Exposure on Epileptic Spikes in Patients With Refractory Epilepsy), which is not on this map. Cited by 86 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effects of Green Light Exposure on Epileptic Spikes in Patients With Refractory Epilepsy
Who cites it
86 citing papers in PubMed, 158 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of Green Color Exposure on Stress, Anxiety, and Pain during Peripheral Intravenous Cannulation in Dental Patients Requiring Sedation.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Trial
- Evaluation of green light exposure on headache frequency and quality of life in migraine patients: A preliminary one-way cross-over clinical trial.Cephalalgia : an international journal of headache · 2021Trial
- Green light exposure reduces central sensitization in cats with osteoarthritis-associated somatosensory impairment.iScience · 2026Article
- The Dark Side of Light: Spectral Variation in Post-Traumatic Photosensitivity and Its Functional Sequelae.Brain sciences · 2026Article
- Spectral Composition of Ambient White Light Modulates Photophobia and Headache Intensity During Migraine Attacks.Neurology and therapy · 2026Article
- Green Light Therapy for Pain and Pain-Related Psychosocial Outcomes: A Systematic Review of Human Studies.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Clinical characteristics of pure menstrual migraine and menstrually-related migraine: a cross-sectional online questionnaire study.BMC neurology · 2026Article
- Exposure to Green Light-emitting Diodes Alleviates Endometriosis-associated Pain in Mice with Induced Deep Endometriosis.Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.) · 2026Article
- A corticothalamic circuit modulates pain sensitivity and mediates innate fear-induced analgesia in male mice.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Local patient-centered headache advocacy with regional and global impact: lessons from the Japanese Patient Advocacy Coalition (JPAC).The journal of headache and pain · 2026Review
- Ambient green light reduces knee pain in osteoarthritis patients.Canadian journal of pain = Revue canadienne de la douleur · 2026Article
- Mechanisms and clinical application of photobiomodulation in pain therapy: a mini review.Frontiers in pain research (Lausanne, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Interictal eye movement alterations in migraine with aura: impact of perceptual and cognitive load during reading.The journal of headache and pain · 2025Article
- Shared neural signatures of photophobia in migraine and post-traumatic headache: a task-based fMRI study.The journal of headache and pain · 2025Article
- The analgesic effect of green light on neuropathic pain: a mini-review of the literature and a proposal for future work.Frontiers in pain research (Lausanne, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Light-eye-body axis: exploring the network from retinal illumination to systemic regulation.Theranostics · 2025Review
- Influence of next-generation artificial intelligence on headache research, diagnosis and treatment: the junior editorial board members' vision - part 1.The journal of headache and pain · 2024Review
- Development of an Innovative Pupillometer Able to Selectively Stimulate the Eye's Fundus Photoreceptor Cells.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Hypersensitivity of Intrinsically Photosensitive Retinal Ganglion Cells in Migraine Induces Cortical Spreading Depression.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Light Therapy in Chronic Migraine.Current pain and headache reports · 2024Review
26 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Migraine headache is uniquely exacerbated by light. Using psychophysical assessments in patients with normal eyesight we found that green light exacerbates migraine headache significantly less than white, blue, amber or red lights. To delineate mechanisms, we used electroretinography and visual evoked potential recording in patients, and multi-unit recording of dura- and light-sensitive thalamic neurons in rats to show that green activates cone-driven retinal pathways to a lesser extent than white, blue and red; that thalamic neurons are most responsive to blue and least responsive to green; and that cortical responses to green are significantly smaller than those generated by blue, amber and red lights. These findings suggest that patients' experience with colour and migraine photophobia could originate in cone-driven retinal pathways, fine-tuned in relay thalamic neurons outside the main visual pathway, and preserved by the cortex. Additionally, the findings provide substrate for the soothing effects of green light.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.