ArticleGenome biology and evolution2016
Diversity of Group I and II Clostridium botulinum Strains from France Including Recently Identified Subtypes.
Article in Genome biology and evolution, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
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21 citing papers in PubMed, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Conflicting Clinical Presentation of Infection withJournal of pediatrics. Clinical practice · 2025Article
- Whole genome sequencing of neurotoxin-producingFrontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Opportunistic Features of Non-Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Embracing the Versatility of Botulinum Neurotoxins in Conventional and New Therapeutic Applications.Toxins · 2024Review
- First confirmed case of infant botulism caused byIJID regions · 2022Article
- First cross-border outbreak of foodborne botulism in the European Union associated with the consumption of commercial dried roach (Frontiers in public health · 2022Article
- Clostridial Neurotoxins: Structure, Function and Implications to Other Bacterial Toxins.Microorganisms · 2021Review
- Novel Lytic Enzyme of Prophage Origin fromInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- The Distinctive Evolution ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2021Article
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- Pan-Genomic Analysis ofToxins · 2020Article
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- TwoToxins · 2019Article
- Why Are Botulinum Neurotoxin-Producing Bacteria So Diverse and Botulinum Neurotoxins So Toxic?Toxins · 2019Review
- The orphan germinant receptor protein GerXAO (but not GerX3b) is essential for L-alanine induced germination in Clostridium botulinum Group II.Scientific reports · 2018Article
- The Gut Microbiota of Marine Fish.Frontiers in microbiology · 2018Review
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
In France, human botulism is mainly food-borne intoxication, whereas infant botulism is rare. A total of 99 group I and II Clostridium botulinum strains including 59 type A (12 historical isolates [1947-1961], 43 from France [1986-2013], 3 from other countries, and 1 collection strain), 31 type B (3 historical, 23 recent isolates, 4 from other countries, and 1 collection strain), and 9 type E (5 historical, 3 isolates, and 1 collection strain) were investigated by botulinum locus gene sequencing and multilocus sequence typing analysis. Historical C. botulinum A strains mainly belonged to subtype A1 and sequence type (ST) 1, whereas recent strains exhibited a wide genetic diversity: subtype A1 in orfX or ha locus, A1(B), A1(F), A2, A2b2, A5(B2') A5(B3'), as well as the recently identified A7 and A8 subtypes, and were distributed into 25 STs. Clostridium botulinum A1(B) was the most frequent subtype from food-borne botulism and food. Group I C. botulinum type B in France were mainly subtype B2 (14 out of 20 historical and recent strains) and were divided into 19 STs. Food-borne botulism resulting from ham consumption during the recent period was due to group II C. botulinum B4. Type E botulism is rare in France, 5 historical and 1 recent strains were subtype E3. A subtype E12 was recently identified from an unusual ham contamination. Clostridium botulinum strains from human botulism in France showed a wide genetic diversity and seems to result not from a single evolutionary lineage but from multiple and independent genetic rearrangements.
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