ReviewNature reviews. Disease primers2016
Kidney stones.
Review in Nature reviews. Disease primers, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 601 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Treatment of Upper Urinary Tract Stones With a Diameter≤2cm by Flexible Ureteroscope With Intelligent Control of Renal Pelvic Pressure(FURL-ICP): a Multicenter, Parallel, Randomized Controlled Trial
An Application of Super-pulsed TFL vs Ho:YAG Laser in Retrograde Intrarenal Surgery for Upper Ureter and Renal Stones: A Multi-center Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial
Who cites it
601 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 1,023 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association between the triglyceride-glucose index and kidney stone disease: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis.Lipids in health and disease · 2026Pooled it
- Effect of parathyroidectomy on stone recurrence in primary hyperparathyroidism : A systematic review.Wiener klinische Wochenschrift · 2026Pooled it
- Comparative efficacy and safety of ultra-mini-percutaneous nephrolithotomy versus standard percutaneous nephrolithotomy for renal calculi: a systematic review and meta-analysis.International urology and nephrology · 2026Pooled it
- Pooled it
- The causal relationship between 179 lipid species and urolithiasis: a bidirectional and multivariable Mendelian randomization study combined with meta-analysis.Lipids in health and disease · 2025Pooled it
- Effectiveness and safety of ultra-slow full power shockwave lithotripsy compared to mini-percutaneous nephrolithotomy and retrograde intrarenal surgery for treatment of lower calyceal stone between 1 and 2 cm with high attenuation value.World journal of urology · 2025Trial
- Factors associated with digital flexible ureteroscopy management in kidney stone treatment: a prospective study.Surgery in practice and science · 2026Article
- Integrative transcriptomic and single-cell analyses identify CD74 as a candidate regulator of ferroptosis in renal tubular cells during nephrolithiasis.Renal failure · 2026Article
- Novel insights into the role of the renal interstitial microenvironment in Randall's plaque formation (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2026Review
- Interleukin-37 does not confer protection against stone formation or kidney injury at the peak of disease in a murine calcium oxalate model.Urolithiasis · 2026Article
- Sex-specific associations of traditional and novel anthropometric indices with incident kidney stone disease: a 10-year longitudinal cohort study.Urolithiasis · 2026Article
- Identification of key molecules and pathways in CaOx crystal-induced renal injury based on metabolomics and proteomics.International urology and nephrology · 2026Article
- β-carotene attenuates calcium oxalate crystal-induced renal injury through suppression of NF-κB-mediated inflammation.Urolithiasis · 2026Article
- Animal Models of Hyperoxaluria and Their Relevance for Fundamental Research and Clinical Practice.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Phenylalanine primes renal tubular redox vulnerability and calcium oxalate crystal retention through a PPARδ-CPT1A fatty-acid oxidation axis.Redox biology · 2026Article
- EP3 receptor mediates calcium oxalate kidney stone formation via Ca²⁺/AKT and necroinflammation.Urolithiasis · 2026Article
- Protective effects of Rhus coriaria L. fruit extract against experimental calcium oxalate nephrolithiasis via modulation of oxidative stress and renal injury.Urolithiasis · 2026Article
- Probucol inhibits palmitic acid-mediated renal calcium oxalate stone formation by targeting KLF5-PPARγ axis-mediated lipotoxicity.Journal of pharmaceutical analysis · 2026Article
- Herba Lysimachiae Polysaccharide-Modified Selenium Nanoparticles Alleviate Oxidative Injury in Kidney Stones via TOMM22-Regulated Mitophagy Activation.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- G6PC Downregulation Promotes Renal Calcium Oxalate Stone Formation via Lactate-Induced SNAIL1 K206 Lactylation and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
541 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Commented on byKidney stones.2017
Authors and funding
8 authors at 7 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Kidney stones are mineral deposits in the renal calyces and pelvis that are found free or attached to the renal papillae. They contain crystalline and organic components and are formed when the urine becomes supersaturated with respect to a mineral. Calcium oxalate is the main constituent of most stones, many of which form on a foundation of calcium phosphate called Randall's plaques, which are present on the renal papillary surface. Stone formation is highly prevalent, with rates of up to 14.8% and increasing, and a recurrence rate of up to 50% within the first 5 years of the initial stone episode. Obesity, diabetes, hypertension and metabolic syndrome are considered risk factors for stone formation, which, in turn, can lead to hypertension, chronic kidney disease and end-stage renal disease. Management of symptomatic kidney stones has evolved from open surgical lithotomy to minimally invasive endourological treatments leading to a reduction in patient morbidity, improved stone-free rates and better quality of life. Prevention of recurrence requires behavioural and nutritional interventions, as well as pharmacological treatments that are specific for the type of stone. There is a great need for recurrence prevention that requires a better understanding of the mechanisms involved in stone formation to facilitate the development of more-effective drugs.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.