ReviewNature reviews. Disease primers2015
Varicella zoster virus infection.
Review in Nature reviews. Disease primers, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07527247 (Using AS01 Adjuvant to Improve Immune Response in Older Adults Through Trained Immunity), which is not on this map. Cited by 485 papers, 9 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Using AS01 Adjuvant to Improve Immune Response in Older Adults Through Trained Immunity
Who cites it
485 citing papers in PubMed, 9 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 838 citations in OpenAlex.
- Varicella zoster virus meningitis with a dermatomal rash in immunocompetent hosts: a systematic review and novel case report.Journal of neurovirology · 2026Pooled it
- Effectiveness of pharmacist-delivered vaccination recommendations for herpes zoster: a systematic review.Frontiers in public health · 2026Pooled it
- A systematic review and meta-analysis of herpes zoster risk in adults with immunocompromised conditions and autoimmune diseases in Asia-Pacific.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Pooled it
- Varicella-zoster virus seroprevalence among reproductive-age women in Iran: a meta-analysis and implications for targeted immunization.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Pooled it
- Vaccination of people with solid tumors and diabetes: existing evidence and recommendations. A position statement from a multidisciplinary panel of scientific societies.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2025Guideline
- Pooled it
- Varicella-zoster virus vasculopathy: a rare complication of Ramsay Hunt Syndrome: a literature review.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Pooled it
- Immunogenicity and safety of live attenuated and recombinant/inactivated varicella zoster vaccines in people living with HIV: A systematic review.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2024Pooled it
- A systematic literature review of the epidemiology and burden of herpes zoster in selected locales in Asia Pacific.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2024Pooled it
- The efficacy, immunogenicity and safety of the LZ901 vaccine for herpes zoster virus in adults 40 years of age or older: a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial.Nature communications · 2026Trial
- Impaired cellular immune responses to herpes zoster subunit vaccine in patients with rheumatoid arthritis receiving Janus kinase inhibitors.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2026Trial
- Immunogenicity and safety of a live attenuated varicella vaccine in children aged 1 to 12 years: A double-blind, randomized, parallel-controlled phase III clinical trial in China.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Trial
- Efficacy of semilunar ganglion radiofrequency thermal coagulation in moderate and severe trigeminal postherpetic neuralgia and its impact on serum IL-1β and IL-6 levels.European journal of medical research · 2025Trial
- Immunogenicity and safety of a recombinant gE-Fc fusion protein subunit vaccine for herpes zoster in adults ≥50 years of age: a randomised, active-controlled, non-inferiority trial.Nature communications · 2025Trial
- Global burden of varicella in children aged 5-9 y, relationship with vaccination policy indicators, and projected trends to 2030.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Article
- TLR9 and STING agonists adjuvanted varicella-zoster virus glycoprotein E induced a potent and durable nasal vaccine response.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Article
- Development of mRNA vaccines against herpes zoster.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Review
- Safety, immunogenicity, and effectiveness of the MAV/06 varicella vaccine: A comprehensive review of a new strain vaccine.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Review
- From awareness to action: Overcoming knowledge gaps and enhancing herpes zoster vaccination counseling among Chinese rheumatologists - Results from a nationwide survey.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Article
- Herpesviruses and autophagy: An intracellular conflict.Virulence · 2026Review
425 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 10 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Infection with varicella zoster virus (VZV) causes varicella (chickenpox), which can be severe in immunocompromised individuals, infants and adults. Primary infection is followed by latency in ganglionic neurons. During this period, no virus particles are produced and no obvious neuronal damage occurs. Reactivation of the virus leads to virus replication, which causes zoster (shingles) in tissues innervated by the involved neurons, inflammation and cell death - a process that can lead to persistent radicular pain (postherpetic neuralgia). The pathogenesis of postherpetic neuralgia is unknown and it is difficult to treat. Furthermore, other zoster complications can develop, including myelitis, cranial nerve palsies, meningitis, stroke (vasculopathy), retinitis, and gastroenterological infections such as ulcers, pancreatitis and hepatitis. VZV is the only human herpesvirus for which highly effective vaccines are available. After varicella or vaccination, both wild-type and vaccine-type VZV establish latency, and long-term immunity to varicella develops. However, immunity does not protect against reactivation. Thus, two vaccines are used: one to prevent varicella and one to prevent zoster. In this Primer we discuss the pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of VZV infections, with an emphasis on the molecular events that regulate these diseases. For an illustrated summary of this Primer, visit: http://go.nature.com/14xVI1.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.