Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27187854›Full record

Trial reportPsychosomatic medicine

Patient Health Questionnaire Anxiety and Depression Scale: Initial Validation in Three Clinical Trials.

Kurt Kroenke, Jingwei Wu, Zhangsheng Yu, Matthew J Bair, Jacob Kean, Timothy Stump, Patrick O Monahan

8 registry-linked trialsAbstract readClinical TrialValidation Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Psychosomatic medicine. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 8 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 264 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
264citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT00313573 phase3unknown statusnot on this map

TeleCare Management of Pain and Depression in Cancer

TypeinterventionalSponsorIndiana UniversityRan2006Enrolled480ConditionsDepression, Pain, Unspecified Adult Solid Tumor, Protocol SpecificArmsmanagement of therapy complications, pain therapy, psychosocial assessment and care, quality-of-life assessment
NCT00386243 nacompletednot on this map

Evaluation of Stepped Care for Chronic Pain in Iraqi/Afghanistan Veterans

TypeinterventionalSponsorVA Office of Research and DevelopmentRan2007 to 2012Enrolled242ConditionsLow Back Pain, Pain, Pain, IntractableArmsCognitive behavioral therapy, Pain self-management program, Co-Analgesic Therapy, Opioid Analgesics
NCT00926588 phase3completednot on this map

Stepped Care to Optimize Pain Care Effectiveness (SCOPE)

TypeinterventionalSponsorUS Department of Veterans AffairsRan2009 to 2015Enrolled250ConditionsPainArmsStepped care
NCT03909685 nawithdrawnnot on this map

Examining the Feasibility of a Mobile Mental Health Application (Ask RoSE) for Augmentation of In-person Psychotherapy

TypeinterventionalSponsorJohns Hopkins UniversityRan2022 to 2022Enrolled0ConditionsMental Health Wellness 1, AnxietyArmsMobile Mental Health App
NCT04765800 naactive not recruitingnot on this map

Differential Efficacy of Guided Imagery Psychotherapy: Comparing Guided Imagery Psychotherapy and Unified Psychodynamic Protocol Therapy for Emotional Disorders in a Non-Inferiority RCT and with Regard to Differential Indication

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity of KasselRan2021 to 2029Enrolled180ConditionsEmotional DisordersArmsweekly, biweekly, or twice a week sessions of face-to-face outpatient psychotherapy
NCT04844034 naunknown statusnot on this map

The Effects of a High Eicosapentaenoic Acid Multinutrient Supplement on Measures of Stress, Anxiety and Depression in Young Adults: a Randomised, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Trial.

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity of RoehamptonRan2022 to 2023Enrolled94ConditionsAnxiety, DepressionArmsHigh-EPA multinutrient supplement., Placebo
NCT05033210 naunknown statusnot on this map

Prevention of Mental Health Problems Among Persons Without Personal Housing in the Context of the COVID-19 Epidemic: a Randomized Controlled Trial

TypeinterventionalSponsorANRS, Emerging Infectious DiseasesRan2022 to 2023Enrolled210ConditionsPsychological Distress, Quality of Life, Psychosocial InterventionArmsPsychological First Aid (PFA), Care as Usual (CAU), Doing What Matters in Times of Stress (DWM), Problem Management Plus (PM+)
NCT06222359 unknown statusnot on this map

Acceptability of Identifying and Managing Psychological Distress in Multiple Sclerosis: The COMPASS-MS Study

TypeobservationalSponsorKing's College LondonRan2024 to 2025Enrolled102ConditionsMultiple Sclerosis, Depression, AnxietyArmsCOMPASS
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

264 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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204 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Kurt KroenkeFrom the VA HSR&D Center for Health Information and Communication, Roudebush VA Medical Center (Kroenke, Bair, Kean), Indianapolis, Indiana; Departments of Medicine (Kroenke, Bair) and Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (Kean), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana; Regenstrief Institute, Inc (Kroenke, Bair, Kean), Indianapolis, Indiana; Department of Biostatistics, Indiana University (Wu, Yu, Stump, Monahan), Indianapolis, Indiana.
Jingwei Wu
Zhangsheng Yu
Matthew J Bair
Jacob Kean
Timothy Stump
Patrick O Monahan

Funding

Indiana Clinical and Translational Sciences InstituteUL1TR001108 · NCATS · INDIANA UNIVERSITY INDIANAPOLIS · PI DENNE, SCOTT C., SHEKHAR, ANANTHA · 2013 to 2017
$23.3M
TeleCare Management of Pain and Depression in CancerR01CA115369 · NCI · INDIANA UNIV-PURDUE UNIV AT INDIANAPOLIS · PI KROENKE, KURT · 2005 to 2009
$2.1M
Responsiveness and Clinical Validity of PROMIS Pain and Depression MeasuresR01AR064081 · NIAMS · INDIANA UNIVERSITY INDIANAPOLIS · PI MONAHAN, PATRICK O. · 2012 to 2015
$938k
Measurement-Based Telehealth Care of Mild Traumatic Brain InjuryIK2RX000879 · VA · VA SALT LAKE CITY HEALTHCARE SYSTEM · PI KEAN, JACOB T. · 2012 to 2017
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HSRD VA IIR 07-119NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR001108NCI NIH HHS R01 CA115369NIAMS NIH HHS R01 AR064081RRD VA IK2 RX000879
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveWe examine the reliability and validity of the Patient Health Questionnaire Anxiety and Depression Scale (PHQ-ADS)-which combines the nine-item Patient Health Questionnaire depression scale and seven-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale-as a composite measure of depression and anxiety.

methodsBaseline data from 896 patients enrolled in two primary-care based trials of chronic pain and one oncology-practice-based trial of depression and pain were analyzed. The internal reliability, standard error of measurement, and convergent, construct, and factor structure validity, as well as sensitivity to change of the PHQ-ADS were examined.

resultsThe PHQ-ADS demonstrated high internal reliability (Cronbach α values of .8 to .9) in all three trials. PHQ-ADS scores can range from 0 to 48 (with higher scores indicating more severe depression/anxiety), and the estimated standard error of measurement was approximately 3 to 4 points. The PHQ-ADS showed strong convergent (most correlations, 0.7-0.8 range) and construct (most correlations, 0.4-0.6 range) validity when examining its association with other mental health, quality of life, and disability measures. PHQ-ADS cutpoints of 10, 20, and 30 indicated mild, moderate, and severe levels of depression/anxiety, respectively. Bifactor analysis showed sufficient unidimensionality of the PHQ-ADS score. PHQ-ADS change scores at 3 months differentiated (p < .0001) between individuals classified as worse, stable, or improved by a reference measure, providing preliminary evidence for sensitivity to change.

conclusionsThe PHQ-ADS may be a reliable and valid composite measure of depression and anxiety which, if validated in other populations, could be useful as a single measure for jointly assessing two of the most common psychological conditions in clinical practice and research.

trial registrationClinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00926588 (SCOPE); NCT00386243 (ESCAPE); NCT00313573 (INCPAD).

Indexed as

VeteransAdultAgedAged, 80 and overAnxiety DisordersDepressive DisorderFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedPsychiatric Status Rating ScalesPsychometricsReproducibility of ResultsYoung Adult

Identifiers

PMID27187854
PMCPMC4927366

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.