ArticlePloS one2016
Personal Protection of Permethrin-Treated Clothing against Aedes aegypti, the Vector of Dengue and Zika Virus, in the Laboratory.
Article in PloS one, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03813069 (A Within-subject Laboratory and Field Trial to Test the Use of Commercially Available Insect Repellents Against Contact From Musca Sorbens, the Putative Vector of Trachoma), which is not on this map. Cited by 37 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Within-subject Laboratory and Field Trial to Test the Use of Commercially Available Insect Repellents Against Contact From Musca Sorbens, the Putative Vector of Trachoma
Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Repellent effects of insecticides against Aedes aegypti: a systematic review.Parasites & vectors · 2025Pooled it
- Leishmaniasis in deployed military populations: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Pooled it
- Toward comfortable mosquito-proof clothing: repellent- and insecticide-free fabrics that block bites across three disease-transmitting mosquito genera.Journal of medical entomology · 2026Article
- Article
- Yellow Fever, an Arboviral Disease with Public Health Impacts: General Aspects and the Use of the One Health Approach in the Context of This Zoonosis.Infection and drug resistance · 2026Review
- A 30-Min Exposure on Permethrin and Deltamethrin Modifies Ion Transport Pathways in the Skin.Biomolecules · 2024Article
- Placental transcriptome variation associated with season, location, and urinary prenatal pyrethroid metabolites of Thai farm-working women.Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987) · 2024Article
- Occupational exposure to malaria, leishmaniasis and arbovirus vectors in endemic regions: A systematic review.Current research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases · 2024Review
- Maternally derived antibody titer dynamics and risk of hospitalized infant dengue disease.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
- Effects of permethrin on ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) in ornamental nurseries.Journal of insect science (Online) · 2023Article
- Review
- Report of Mosquito Vectors of Arboviruses from a Federal Conservation Unit in the Atlantic Forest, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Evaluation of surface versus total permethrin content in permethrin-treated clothing: Implications for protection against mosquitoes.Pathogens and global health · 2022Article
- Evaluation of the efficacy of insecticide-treated scarves to protect children from the trachoma vectorEClinicalMedicine · 2022Article
- Article
- Screening of the bioactive compounds in Amphora coffeaeformis extract and evaluating its protective effects against deltamethrin toxicity in rats.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2021Article
- Permethrin exposure affects neurobehavior and cellular characterization in rats' brain.Environmental analysis, health and toxicology · 2020Article
- Pyrethroids: How They Affect Human and Animal Health?Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2020Article
- Design of a Repellent Against Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) Using in silico Simulations With AaegOBP1 Protein.Journal of medical entomology · 2020Article
- An investigation into the knowledge, perceptions and role of personal protective technologies in Zika prevention in Colombia.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe dengue and Zika viruses are primarily transmitted by Aedes aegypti mosquitoes, which are most active during day light hours and feed both in and outside of the household. Personal protection technologies such as insecticide-treated clothing could provide individual protection. Here we assessed the efficacy of permethrin-treated clothing on personal protection in the laboratory.
methodsThe effect of washing on treated clothing, skin coverage and protection against resistant and susceptible Ae. aegypti was assessed using modified WHO arm-in-cage assays. Coverage was further assessed using free-flight room tests to investigate the protective efficacy of unwashed factory-dipped permethrin-treated clothing. Clothing was worn as full coverage (long sleeves and trousers) and partial coverage (short sleeves and shorts). Residual permethrin on the skin and its effect on mosquitoes was measured using modified WHO cone assays and quantified using high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis.
resultsIn the arm-in-cage assays, unwashed clothing reduced landing by 58.9% (95% CI 49.2-66.9) and biting by 28.5% (95% CI 22.5-34.0), but reduced to 18.5% (95% CI 14.7-22.3) and 11.1% (95% CI 8.5-13.8) respectively after 10 washes. Landing and biting for resistant and susceptible strains was not significantly different (p<0.05). In free-flight room tests, full coverage treated clothing reduced landing by 24.3% (95% CI 17.4-31.7) and biting by 91% (95% CI 82.2-95.9) with partial coverage reducing landing and biting by 26.4% (95% CI 20.3-31.2) and 49.3% (95% CI 42.1-59.1) respectively with coverage type having no significant difference on landing (p<0.05). Residual permethrin was present on the skin in low amounts (0.0041mg/cm2), but still produced a KD of >80% one hour after wearing treated clothing.
conclusionWhilst partially covering the body with permethrin-treated clothing provided some protection against biting, wearing treated clothing with long sleeves and trousers provided the highest form of protection. Washing treated clothing dramatically reduced protection provided. Permethrin-treated clothing could provide protection to individuals from Ae. aegypti that show permethrin resistance. Additionally, it could continue to provide protection even after the clothing has been worn. Field trials are urgently needed to determine whether clothing can protect against dengue and Zika.
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