ArticleNature communications2016
Giraffe genome sequence reveals clues to its unique morphology and physiology.
Article in Nature communications, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers.
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Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 69 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Life inside a bag: multiomics insights into the bagworm species Eumeta crameri.DNA research : an international journal for rapid publication of reports on genes and genomes · 2025Article
- Structural Rearrangements and Selection Promote Phenotypic Evolution in Anolis Lizards.Genome biology and evolution · 2025Article
- Genomic analysis reveals limited hybridization among three giraffe species in Kenya.BMC biology · 2023Article
- The cardiovascular challenges in giraffes.Journal of muscle research and cell motility · 2023Article
- Genetic evidence of population subdivision among Masai giraffes separated by the Gregory Rift Valley in Tanzania.Ecology and evolution · 2023Article
- Genome sequencing ofFrontiers in plant science · 2023Article
- A Chromosome-Scale Genome Assembly of the Okapi (Okapia johnstoni).The Journal of heredity · 2022Article
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- Population analysis of retrotransposons in giraffe genomes supports RTE decline and widespread LINE1 activity in Giraffidae.Mobile DNA · 2021Article
- Revelations About Aging and Disease from Unconventional Vertebrate Model Organisms.Annual review of genetics · 2021Review
- Genomics of Adaptations in Ungulates.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2021Review
- A towering genome: Experimentally validated adaptations to high blood pressure and extreme stature in the giraffe.Science advances · 2021Article
- Physiological regulation of bone length and skeletal proportion in mammals.Experimental physiology · 2021Review
- Did giraffe cardiovascular evolution solve the problem of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction?Evolution, medicine, and public health · 2021Article
- Genome-Wide Analysis of Nubian Ibex Reveals Candidate Positively Selected Genes That Contribute to Its Adaptation to the Desert Environment.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2020Article
- Review
- CSN: unsupervised approach for inferring biological networks based on the genome alone.BMC bioinformatics · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
16 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The origins of giraffe's imposing stature and associated cardiovascular adaptations are unknown. Okapi, which lacks these unique features, is giraffe's closest relative and provides a useful comparison, to identify genetic variation underlying giraffe's long neck and cardiovascular system. The genomes of giraffe and okapi were sequenced, and through comparative analyses genes and pathways were identified that exhibit unique genetic changes and likely contribute to giraffe's unique features. Some of these genes are in the HOX, NOTCH and FGF signalling pathways, which regulate both skeletal and cardiovascular development, suggesting that giraffe's stature and cardiovascular adaptations evolved in parallel through changes in a small number of genes. Mitochondrial metabolism and volatile fatty acids transport genes are also evolutionarily diverged in giraffe and may be related to its unusual diet that includes toxic plants. Unexpectedly, substantial evolutionary changes have occurred in giraffe and okapi in double-strand break repair and centrosome functions.
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