ArticleNature medicine2016
Impact of pre-adapted HIV transmission.
Article in Nature medicine, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 77 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
77 citing papers in PubMed.
- Focusing HIV-1 Gag T cell responses to highly conserved regions by DNA vaccination in HVTN 119.JCI insight · 2024Trial
- Cross-Reactive CD8 T-Cell Responses Elicited by Adenovirus Type 5-Based HIV-1 Vaccines Contributed to Early Viral Evolution in Vaccine Recipients Who Became Infected.Journal of virology · 2020Trial
- HLA-I Associated Adaptation Dampens CD8 T-Cell Responses in HIV Ad5-Vectored Vaccine Recipients.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2019Trial
- Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor 3DL1 variation modifies HLA-B*57 protection against HIV-1.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2018Trial
- HIV superinfection reveals sequential reservoir reactivation and immune-driven rebound dynamics.Journal of virology · 2026Article
- Keystone Epitope Theory: An Ecological Perspective on RNA Viruses, Tumor Immunoediting, and Vaccine Design.Pathogens & immunity · 2026Review
- Attenuation of HIV severity by slightly deleterious mutations can explain the long-term trajectory of virulence evolution.PLoS computational biology · 2025Article
- VRC01 Selects Rare HIV Escape Mutations After Acquisition in Antibody-Mediated Prevention Trials.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Autologous HIV-specific T cell therapy targeting conserved epitopes is well-tolerated in six adults with HIV: an open-label, single-arm phase 1 study.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Computational and Population-Based HLA Permissiveness to HIV Drug Resistance-Associated Mutations.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- HIV-1 adapts to HLA class II-associated selection pressure exerted by CD4Science advances · 2025Article
- Comparison of viral phenotype and inflammatory biomarker responses in acute HIV-1 subtype A and C infections.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Article
- Reconciling founder variant multiplicity of HIV-1 infection with the rate of CD4Journal of the Royal Society, Interface · 2024Article
- Epistatic interaction between ERAP2 and HLA modulates HIV-1 adaptation and disease outcome in an Australian population.PLoS pathogens · 2024Article
- Cytokine Storm Syndrome as a Manifestation of Primary HIV Infection.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2024Review
- Insights to HIV-1 coreceptor usage by estimating HLA adaptation with Bayesian generalized linear mixed models.PLoS computational biology · 2023Article
- A genomic platform for surveillance and antigen discovery in Plasmodium spp. using long-read amplicon sequencing.Cell reports methods · 2023Article
- On the Evolutionary Trajectory of SARS-CoV-2: Host Immunity as a Driver of Adaptation in RNA Viruses.Viruses · 2022Review
- Adaptation to HLA-associated immune pressure over the course of HIV infection and in circulating HIV-1 strains.PLoS pathogens · 2022Article
- Immunological Control of HIV-1 Disease Progression by Rare Protective HLA Allele.Journal of virology · 2022Article
17 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
30 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Human leukocyte antigen class I (HLA)-restricted CD8(+) T lymphocyte (CTL) responses are crucial to HIV-1 control. Although HIV can evade these responses, the longer-term impact of viral escape mutants remains unclear, as these variants can also reduce intrinsic viral fitness. To address this, we here developed a metric to determine the degree of HIV adaptation to an HLA profile. We demonstrate that transmission of viruses that are pre-adapted to the HLA molecules expressed in the recipient is associated with impaired immunogenicity, elevated viral load and accelerated CD4(+) T cell decline. Furthermore, the extent of pre-adaptation among circulating viruses explains much of the variation in outcomes attributed to the expression of certain HLA alleles. Thus, viral pre-adaptation exploits 'holes' in the immune response. Accounting for these holes may be key for vaccine strategies seeking to elicit functional responses from viral variants, and to HIV cure strategies that require broad CTL responses to achieve successful eradication of HIV reservoirs.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.