Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27182835›Full record

SynthesisPublic health nutrition2016

The impact of a tax on sugar-sweetened beverages according to socio-economic position: a systematic review of the evidence.

Kathryn Backholer, Danja Sarink, Alison Beauchamp, Catherine Keating, Venurs Loh, Kylie Ball, Jane Martin, Anna Peeters

Abstract readSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Public health nutrition, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 117 papers, 14 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
117citing papers in PubMed, 14 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

117 citing papers in PubMed, 14 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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  12. Impact of sugar-sweetened beverage taxes on purchases and dietary intake: Systematic review and meta-analysis.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2019
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57 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Kathryn Backholer1Obesity and Population Health,Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute,Level 4,99 Commercial Road,Melbourne,Victoria 3004,Australia.
Danja Sarink1Obesity and Population Health,Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute,Level 4,99 Commercial Road,Melbourne,Victoria 3004,Australia.
Alison Beauchamp2Centre for Population Health Research,School of Health and Social Development,Deakin University,Victoria,Australia.
Catherine Keating1Obesity and Population Health,Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute,Level 4,99 Commercial Road,Melbourne,Victoria 3004,Australia.
Venurs Loh3School of Public Health and Social Work/Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation,Queensland University of Technology,Brisbane,Queensland,Australia.
Kylie Ball4Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition Research,School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences,Deakin University,Victoria,Australia.
Jane Martin5Obesity Policy Coalition,Melbourne,Victoria,Australia.
Anna Peeters1Obesity and Population Health,Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute,Level 4,99 Commercial Road,Melbourne,Victoria 3004,Australia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveA tax on sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) has been proposed to address population weight gain but the effect across socio-economic position (SEP) is unclear. The current study aimed to clarify the differential impact(s) of SSB taxes on beverage purchases and consumption, weight outcomes and the amount paid in SSB taxes according to SEP.

designDatabases (OVID and EMBASE) and grey literature were systematically searched in June 2015 to identify studies that examined effects of an SSB price increase on beverage purchases or consumption, weight outcomes or the amount paid in tax across SEP, within high-income countries.

resultsOf the eleven included articles, three study types were identified: (i) those that examined the association between variation in SSB taxes and SSB consumption and/or body weight (n 3); (ii) price elasticity estimation of SSB demand (n 1); and (iii) modelling of hypothetical SSB taxes by combining price elasticity estimates with population SEP-specific beverage consumption, energy intake or body weight (n 7). Few studies statistically tested differences in outcomes between SEP groups. Nevertheless, of the seven studies that reported on changes in weight outcomes for the total population following an increase in SSB price, all reported either similar reductions in weight across SEP groups or greater reductions for lower compared with higher SEP groups. All studies that examined the average household amount paid in tax (n 5) reported that an SSB tax would be regressive, but with small differences between higher- and lower-income households (0·10-1·0 % and 0·03 %-0·60 % of annual household income paid in SSB tax for low- and high-income households, respectively).

conclusionsBased on the available evidence, a tax on SSB will deliver similar population weight benefits across socio-economic strata or greater benefits for lower SEP groups. An SSB tax is shown to be consistently financially regressive, but to a small degree.

Indexed as

Body WeightTaxesBeveragesDietary SucroseEnergy IntakeHumansObesitySugarsDietary SucroseSugarsObesityPolicySocio-economic inequalitiesSugar-sweetened beverage

Identifiers

PMID27182835
PMCPMC10270974

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.