ReviewPharmacological research2016
G protein-coupled receptor kinases as regulators of dopamine receptor functions.
Review in Pharmacological research, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 81 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
81 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 135 citations in OpenAlex.
- Synergistic, multi-level understanding of psychedelics: three systematic reviews and meta-analyses of their pharmacology, neuroimaging and phenomenology.Translational psychiatry · 2024Pooled it
- Genetic architecture distinguishes tinnitus from hearing loss.Nature communications · 2024Pooled it
- Association between the DRD2 TaqIA gene polymorphism and Parkinson disease risk: an updated meta-analysis.Medicine · 2019Pooled it
- Developing the Dopamine D3 Receptor (D3R) Antagonist, (R)-VK4-116, as a Non-Opioid Medication for the Treatment of Opioid Use Disorder.Medicinal research reviews · 2026Review
- Natural Products as GPCR-Targeting Antidepressant Candidates: Advances and Opportunities.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Nigrostriatal dopaminergic vulnerability in Parkinson's disease: Neuroprotective strategies.Neural regeneration research · 2026Article
- Dissecting GPCR Contributions to Gαo-Dependent Motor Dysfunction inBiomedicines · 2026Article
- Associative memory neurons are recruited in PFC-centered circuits to encode schizophrenia-like behavior by dopaminergic receptor-II.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- Citrus aurantium honey-mediated gut homeostasis and anti-inflammation via Thorl/Nprl2-TORC1 signaling: Network pharmacology and Drosophila validation.Animal models and experimental medicine · 2026Article
- Theta oscillations vary with local response rate and are moderated by the dopamine-depleting agent, tetrabenazine, during effort-based behavior.Cognitive, affective & behavioral neuroscience · 2026Article
- Dopamine receptor sensitivity, cocaine-induced behaviors, and Pavlovian conditioned approach in male rats.Psychopharmacology · 2026Article
- Impact of distinct neurotransmitter release modes on neuronal signaling.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Review
- Distinct roles of dopamine receptors in HIV latency reversal in a myeloid cell model.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Article
- Unmasking a neurotoxic duo: a comprehensive overview of fentanyl-xylazine crosstalk in kinase pathways.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2026Article
- Behavioral devaluation by local resistance to dopamine.Nature neuroscience · 2025Article
- Article
- Adaptive genomic signatures of globally invasive populations of the yellow fever mosquito Aedes aegypti.Nature ecology & evolution · 2025Article
- Dopamine-driven increase in IL-1β in myeloid cells is mediated by differential dopamine receptor expression and exacerbated by HIV.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2025Article
- Fine-tuning of dopamine receptor signaling with aripiprazole counteracts ketamine's dissociative action, but not its antidepressant effect.Translational psychiatry · 2025Article
21 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Actions of the neurotransmitter dopamine in the brain are mediated by dopamine receptors that belong to the superfamily of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). Mammals have five dopamine receptor subtypes, D1 through D5. D1 and D5 couple to Gs/olf and activate adenylyl cyclase, whereas D2, D3, and D4 couple to Gi/o and inhibit it. Most GPCRs upon activation by an agonist are phosphorylated by GPCR kinases (GRKs). The GRK phosphorylation makes receptors high-affinity binding partners for arrestin proteins. Arrestin binding to active phosphorylated receptors stops further G protein activation and promotes receptor internalization, recycling or degradation, thereby regulating their signaling and trafficking. Four non- visual GRKs are expressed in striatal neurons. Here we describe known effects of individual GRKs on dopamine receptors in cell culture and in the two in vivo models of dopamine-mediated signaling: behavioral response to psychostimulants and L-DOPA- induced dyskinesia. Dyskinesia, associated with dopamine super-sensitivity of striatal neurons, is a debilitating side effect of L-DOPA therapy in Parkinson's disease. In vivo, GRK subtypes show greater receptor specificity than in vitro or in cultured cells. Overexpression, knockdown, and knockout of individual GRKs, particularly GRK2 and GRK6, have differential effects on signaling of dopamine receptor subtypes in the brain. Furthermore, deletion of GRK isoforms in select striatal neuronal types differentially affects psychostimulant-induced behaviors. In addition, anti-dyskinetic effect of GRK3 does not require its kinase activity: it is mediated by the binding of its RGS-like domain to Gαq/11, which suppresses Gq/11 signaling. The data demonstrate that the dopamine signaling in defined neuronal types in vivo is regulated by specific and finely orchestrated actions of GRK isoforms.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.