Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27177031›Full record

ArticlePloS one2016

Clinical and Genetic Characteristics of Non-Insulin-Requiring Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase (GAD) Autoantibody-Positive Diabetes: A Nationwide Survey in Japan.

Junichi Yasui, Eiji Kawasaki, Shoichiro Tanaka, Takuya Awata, Hiroshi Ikegami, Akihisa Imagawa, Yasuko Uchigata, Haruhiko Osawa, Hiroshi Kajio, Yumiko Kawabata and 7 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in PloS one, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
21citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
2.1field-weighted citation impact, top 12% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

21 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 31 citations in OpenAlex.

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  13. Anti-Islet Autoantibodies in Type 1 Diabetes.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

17 authors at 13 institutions in 1 country.

Junichi YasuiDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan.
Eiji KawasakiDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan.
Shoichiro TanakaThird Department of Internal Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan.
Takuya AwataDepartment of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, International University of Health and Welfare Hospital, Tochigi, Japan.
Hiroshi IkegamiDepartment of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Kinki University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
Akihisa ImagawaDepartment of Metabolic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan.
Yasuko UchigataDiabetes Center, Tokyo Women's Medical University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
Haruhiko OsawaDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, Ehime University School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan.
Hiroshi KajioDepartment of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Center Hospital, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
Yumiko KawabataDepartment of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Kinki University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
Akira ShimadaDepartment of Internal Medicine, Saiseikai Central Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
Kazuma TakahashiDepartment of Diabetes and Metabolism, Iwate Medical University, Iwate, Japan.
Kazuki YasudaDepartment of Metabolic Disorder, Diabetes Research Center, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
Hisafumi YasudaDivision of Health Sciences, Department of Community Health Sciences, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe, Japan.
Toshiaki HanafusaDepartment of Internal Medicine (I), Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki, Japan.
Tetsuro KobayashiOkinaka Memorial Institute for Medical Research, Tokyo, Japan.
Japan Diabetes Society Committee on Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Research
Kindai University · JPNational Center for Global Health and Medicine · JPEhime University · JPInternational University of Health and Welfare · JPIwate Medical University · JPKobe University · JPKoga Hospital · JPNagasaki University Hospital · JPOsaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University · JPOsaka University · JPSaiseikai Central Hospital · JPTokyo Women's Medical University · JPUniversity of Yamanashi · JP

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimsGlutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibodies (GADAb) differentiate slowly progressive insulin-dependent (type 1) diabetes mellitus (SPIDDM) from phenotypic type 2 diabetes, but many GADAb-positive patients with diabetes do not progress to insulin-requiring diabetes. To characterize GADAb-positive patients with adult-onset diabetes who do not require insulin therapy for >5 years (NIR-SPIDDM), we conducted a nationwide cross-sectional survey in Japan.

methodsWe collected 82 GADAb-positive patients who did not require insulin therapy for >5 years (NIR-SPIDDM) and compared them with 63 patients with insulin-requiring SPIDDM (IR-SPIDDM). Clinical and biochemical characteristics, HLA-DRB1-DQB1 haplotypes, and predictive markers for progression to insulin therapy were investigated.

resultsCompared with the IR-SPIDDM group, the NIR-SPIDDM patients showed later diabetes onset, higher body mass index, longer duration before diagnosis, and less frequent hyperglycemic symptoms at onset. In addition, C-peptide, LDL-cholesterol, and TG were significantly higher in the NIR-SPIDDM compared to IR-SPIDDM patients. The NIR-SPIDDM group had lower frequency of susceptible HLA-DRB1*04:05-DQB1*04:01 and a higher frequency of resistant HLA-DRB1*15:01-DQB1*06:02 haplotype compared to IR-SPIDDM. A multivariable analysis showed that age at diabetes onset (OR = 0.82), duration before diagnosis of GADAb-positive diabetes (OR = 0.82), higher GADAb level (≥10.0 U/ml) (OR = 20.41), and fasting C-peptide at diagnosis (OR = 0.07) were independent predictive markers for progression to insulin-requiring diabetes. An ROC curve analysis showed that the optimal cut-off points for discriminating two groups was the GADAb level of 13.6 U/ml, age of diabetes onset of 47 years, duration before diagnosis of 5 years, and fasting C-peptide of 0.65 ng/ml.

conclusionsClinical, biochemical and genetic characteristics of patients with NIR-SPIDDM are different from those of IR-SPIDDM patients. Age of diabetes onset, duration before GADAb-positivity, GADAb level, and fasting C-peptide at diagnosis must be carefully considered in planning prevention trials for SPIDDM.

Indexed as

Surveys and QuestionnairesAgedAge of OnsetAutoantibodiesBiomarkersCase-Control StudiesDiabetes Mellitus, Type 1Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2Disease ProgressionFemaleGene FrequencyGlutamate DecarboxylaseHaplotypesHLA-DQ beta-ChainsHLA-DRB1 ChainsHumansAutoantibodiesBiomarkersGlutamate DecarboxylaseHLA-DQB1 antigenHLA-DQ beta-ChainsHLA-DRB1 ChainsInsulin

Identifiers

PMID27177031
PMCPMC4866691
OpenAlexW2383035231

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.