Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27175937›Full record

ArticleClinical cardiology2016

Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin as an Early Marker of Contrast-Induced Nephropathy After Elective Invasive Cardiac Procedures.

Nikolaos Kafkas, Charalampos Liakos, Filitsa Zoubouloglou, Ourania Dagadaki, Stylianos Dragasis, Konstantinos Makris

Abstract readComparative Study
In one paragraph

Article in Clinical cardiology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
16citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

16 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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  5. Contrast-Induced Nephropathy.Annals of vascular diseases · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Nikolaos KafkasCardiology Department, KAT General Hospital of Attica, Kifissia, Greece.
Charalampos LiakosCardiology Department, KAT General Hospital of Attica, Kifissia, Greece.
Filitsa ZoubouloglouClinical Biochemistry Department, KAT General Hospital of Attica, Kifissia, Greece.
Ourania DagadakiCardiology Department, KAT General Hospital of Attica, Kifissia, Greece.
Stylianos DragasisCardiology Department, KAT General Hospital of Attica, Kifissia, Greece.
Konstantinos MakrisClinical Biochemistry Department, KAT General Hospital of Attica, Kifissia, Greece.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundContrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is an acute kidney injury (AKI) defined as serum creatinine (sCr) increase 48 to 72 hours after contrast administration. Because most subjects undergoing invasive cardiac procedures are discharged within 24 hours, sCr is unsuitable for CIN detection. HYPOTHESIS: In the present study we tested the hypothesis that neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) is superior compared with sCr and other established nephropathy markers in early CIN diagnosis after elective invasive cardiac procedures.

methodsSerum creatinine, urine creatinine, serum cystatin C, urine albumin, urine NGAL (uNGAL), and plasma NGAL were measured at 0, 6, 24, and 48 hours after contrast administration in 100 elective invasive cardiac procedures. Estimated glomerular filtration rate and albumin-to-creatinine ratio were calculated. Changes from baseline were considered statistically significant at P < 0.05 and clinically significant when > the biomarker's reference change value. Participants were divided into those with and without clinically significant uNGAL changes (uNGAL positive and negative for AKI, respectively).

resultsThirty-three individuals were uNGAL positive for AKI. Serum cystatin C changes were statistically and clinically nonsignificant in both groups. Serum creatinine and plasma NGAL were statistically but not clinically elevated 48 hours postcatheterization in the AKI group. Except for contrast volume (higher in AKI group), groups were comparable at baseline (P not significant) regarding cardiovascular risk factors, coronary heart disease, coronary interventions performed, and renal biomarkers. Baseline uNGAL was significantly correlated to estimated glomerular filtration rate and albumin-to-creatinine ratio.

conclusionsUrine NGAL is potentially superior compared with conventional nephropathy markers in early CIN diagnosis after elective invasive cardiac procedures. Definition of clinically significant uNGAL changes with reference change value is probably a valuable supplement to statistically defined significant variations.

Indexed as

Acute Kidney InjuryAgedAlbuminuriaBiomarkersCardiac CatheterizationContrast MediaCreatinineCystatin CEarly DiagnosisFemaleGlomerular Filtration RateHumansLipocalin-2MaleMiddle AgedPredictive Value of TestsBiomarkersContrast MediaCreatinineCST3 protein, humanCystatin CLCN2 protein, humanLipocalin-2

Identifiers

PMID27175937
PMCPMC6490741

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.