SynthesisMedicine2016
Is Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Associated With a Declined Immunogenicity and Poor Safety of Influenza Vaccination?: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Synthesis in Medicine, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 46 citations in OpenAlex.
- Humoral immunity and safety of respiratory virus vaccines in systemic lupus erythematosus population: a meta-analysis based on twenty-five observational studies.Annals of medicine · 2024Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Vaccination in systemic lupus erythematosus.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Review
- Influenza Vaccines for Persons Who Are Immunocompromised: A Scoping Review of the Literature.Open forum infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Review
- Low vaccination uptake and attitudes towards COVID-19, influenza, and Streptococcus pneumoniae vaccines: a cross-sectional survey of patients with rheumatic diseases.Rheumatology international · 2025Article
- Cellular and molecular determinants mediating the dysregulated germinal center immune dynamics in systemic lupus erythematosus.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Effect of DMARDs on the immunogenicity of vaccines.Nature reviews. Rheumatology · 2023Review
- Efficacy of coronavirus disease 2019 vaccines in patients with rheumatic diseases.Archives of rheumatology · 2023Article
- A critical review of COVID-19 course and vaccination in dermatology patients on immunomodulatory/biologic therapy: recommendations should not differ between non-pregnant and pregnant individuals.Frontiers in medicine · 2023Review
- Impaired neutralizing antibodies and preserved cellular immunogenicity against SARS-CoV-2 in systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases.NPJ vaccines · 2022Article
- An evidence-based guide to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination of patients on immunotherapies in dermatology.Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology · 2021Review
- Review
- Article
- Recommendations and barriers to vaccination in systemic lupus erythematosus.Autoimmunity reviews · 2018Review
- Vaccination Guidelines for Patients With Immune-Mediated Disorders on Immunosuppressive Therapies.Journal of cutaneous medicine and surgeryArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
There are conflicts on whether influenza vaccinated systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients are associated with a decreased immunogenicity and safety, compared with healthy controls. We conducted meta-analyses to compare SLE patients with healthy controls for flu-vaccine immunogenicity, as well as for adverse events.PubMed, MEDLINE, and Cochrane Library were searched by October 15, 2015. Studies were included when they met the inclusion criteria. Two reviewers independently extracted data on study characteristics, methodological quality, and outcomes. The primary outcome was seroprotection (SP) rate after immunization.A total of 15 studies were included. There were significant differences in SP rates between the SLE patients and healthy controls, respectively, for H1N1 (RR 0.79, 95% CI 0.73-0.87) and B strain (RR 0.75, 95% CI 0.65-0.87), but not for H3N2 (RR 0.84, 95% CI 0.68-1.03). Subgroup analyses demonstrated SLE patients with immunosuppressants, corticosteroids, azathioprine and prednisone had significantly lower SP rates, compared with healthy controls. SLE patients with nonadjuvanted H1N1 vaccine had significantly lower SP rate, compared with healthy controls. SLE patients were not associated with increased adverse events (RR 1.88, 95% CI 0.94-3.77).SLE generates immunogenicity differently, compared with healthy controls in pandemic H1N1 and B strains, but same in seasonal H3N2 strain. Nonadjuvant and special kind of immunosuppressive biologics can play an important role in SLE immunogenicity to flu vaccine. There is no significant difference in adverse event rates between SLE patients and healthy controls.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.