ArticlePloS one2016
Population-Level Impact of Ontario's Infant Rotavirus Immunization Program: Evidence of Direct and Indirect Effects.
Article in PloS one, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Indirect Rotavirus Vaccine Effectiveness for the Prevention of Rotavirus Hospitalization: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2018Pooled it
- Indirect Effects in Health Economic Models of Vaccines: Should We Include Them, and How Do We Model Them?Applied health economics and health policy · 2026Review
- Vaccination as cost-stabilizing health infrastructure: A Canadian perspective.Canadian journal of public health = Revue canadienne de sante publique · 2026Article
- Epidemiology of norovirus and viral gastroenteritis in Ontario, Canada, 2009-2014.Canada communicable disease report = Releve des maladies transmissibles au Canada · 2021Article
- Impact of Rotavirus Vaccines on Gastroenteritis Hospitalizations in Western Australia: A Time-series Analysis.Journal of epidemiology · 2021Article
- The impact of publicly funded rotavirus immunization programs on Canadian children.Canada communicable disease report = Releve des maladies transmissibles au Canada · 2021Article
- Global Impact of Rotavirus Vaccination on Diarrhea Hospitalizations and Deaths Among Children <5 Years Old: 2006-2019.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2020Review
- Gap analyses to assess Canadian readiness for respiratory syncytial virus vaccines: Report from an expert retreat.Canada communicable disease report = Releve des maladies transmissibles au Canada · 2020Article
- Article
- Rotavirus Gastroenteritis Infection Among Children Vaccinated and Unvaccinated With Rotavirus Vaccine in Southern China: A Population-Based Assessment.JAMA network open · 2018Article
- A comparison of the Allplex™ bacterial and viral assays to conventional methods for detection of gastroenteritis agents.BMC research notes · 2018Article
- Rotavirus vaccine coverage and factors associated with uptake using linked data: Ontario, Canada.PloS one · 2018Article
- Recommendations for the use of rotavirus vaccines in infants.Paediatrics & child health · 2017Article
- Assessing the risk of intussusception and rotavirus vaccine safety in Canada.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2017Article
- How We Will, Not Whether We Can: Improving Health and Healthcare.Healthcare policy = Politiques de sante · 2017Article
- Rotavirus vaccine, breastfeeding, and other factors that could affect susceptibility to gastroenteritis in young children.Canadian journal of public health = Revue canadienne de sante publique · 2017Article
- The Incidence of Acute Gastrointestinal Illness in Canada, Foodbook Survey 2014-2015.The Canadian journal of infectious diseases & medical microbiology = Journal canadien des maladies infectieuses et de la microbiologie medicale · 2017Article
- Rotavirus vaccines: current global impact and future perspectives.Future virology · 2016Article
- Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics: News.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo evaluate the direct and indirect population impact of rotavirus (RV) immunization on hospitalizations and emergency department (ED) visits for acute gastroenteritis (AGE) in Ontario before and after the publicly-funded RV immunization program.
methodsAdministrative data was used to identify ED visits and hospitalizations for all Ontarians using ICD-10 codes. We used two outcome definitions: RV-specific AGE (RV-AGE) and codes representing RV-, other viral and cause unspecified AGE ("overall AGE"). The pre-program and public program periods were August 1, 2005 to July 31, 2011; and August 1, 2011 to March 31, 2013, respectively. A negative binominal regression model that included the effect of time was used to calculate rates and rate ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for RV-AGE and overall AGE between periods, after adjusting for age, seasonality and secular trends. Analyses were conducted for all ages combined and age stratified.
resultsRelative to the pre-program period, the adjusted RRs for RV-AGE and overall AGE hospitalizations in the public program period were 0.29 (95%CI: 0.22-0.39) and 0.68 (95%CI: 0.62-0.75), respectively. Significant reductions in RV-AGE hospitalizations were noted overall and for the following age bands: < 12 months, 12-23 months, 24-35 months, 3-4 years, and 5-19 years. Significant declines in overall AGE hospitalizations were observed across all age bands, including older adults > = 65 years (RR 0.80, 95%CI: 0.72-0.90). The program was associated with adjusted RRs of 0.32 (95% CI: 0.20-0.52) for RV-AGE ED visits and 0.90 (95% CI: 0.85-0.96) for overall AGE ED visits.
conclusionsThis large, population-based study provides evidence of the impact of RV vaccine in preventing hospitalizations and ED visits for RV-AGE and overall AGE, including herd effects.
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