Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27166522›Full record

ArticleAutophagy2016

Tyrosine kinase receptor EGFR regulates the switch in cancer cells between cell survival and cell death induced by autophagy in hypoxia.

Yongqiang Chen, Elizabeth S Henson, Wenyan Xiao, Daniel Huang, Eileen M McMillan-Ward, Sara J Israels, Spencer B Gibson

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Autophagy, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 66 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
66citing papers in PubMed
9.8field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

66 citing papers in PubMed, 107 citations in OpenAlex.

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  15. Autosis as a selective type of cell death.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2023
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6 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Yongqiang Chena Research Institute in Oncology and Hematology, CancerCare Manitoba , Winnipeg , Manitoba , Canada.
Elizabeth S Hensona Research Institute in Oncology and Hematology, CancerCare Manitoba , Winnipeg , Manitoba , Canada.
Wenyan Xiaoa Research Institute in Oncology and Hematology, CancerCare Manitoba , Winnipeg , Manitoba , Canada.
Daniel Huanga Research Institute in Oncology and Hematology, CancerCare Manitoba , Winnipeg , Manitoba , Canada.
Eileen M McMillan-Warda Research Institute in Oncology and Hematology, CancerCare Manitoba , Winnipeg , Manitoba , Canada.
Sara J Israelsa Research Institute in Oncology and Hematology, CancerCare Manitoba , Winnipeg , Manitoba , Canada.
Spencer B Gibsona Research Institute in Oncology and Hematology, CancerCare Manitoba , Winnipeg , Manitoba , Canada.
CancerCare Manitoba · CA

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Autophagy is an intracellular lysosomal degradation pathway where its primary function is to allow cells to survive under stressful conditions. Autophagy is, however, a double-edge sword that can either promote cell survival or cell death. In cancer, hypoxic regions contribute to poor prognosis due to the ability of cancer cells to adapt to hypoxia in part through autophagy. In contrast, autophagy could contribute to hypoxia induced cell death in cancer cells. In this study, we showed that autophagy increased during hypoxia. At 4 h of hypoxia, autophagy promoted cell survival whereas, after 48 h of hypoxia, autophagy increased cell death. Furthermore, we found that the tyrosine phosphorylation of EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor) decreased after 16 h in hypoxia. Furthermore, EGFR binding to BECN1 in hypoxia was significantly higher at 4 h compared to 72 h. Knocking down or inhibiting EGFR resulted in an increase in autophagy contributing to increased cell death under hypoxia. In contrast, when EGFR was reactivated by the addition of EGF, the level of autophagy was reduced which led to decreased cell death. Hypoxia led to autophagic degradation of the lipid raft protein CAV1 (caveolin 1) that is known to bind and activate EGFR in a ligand-independent manner during hypoxia. By knocking down CAV1, the amount of EGFR phosphorylation was decreased in hypoxia and amount of autophagy and cell death increased. This indicates that the activation of EGFR plays a critical role in the switch between cell survival and cell death induced by autophagy in hypoxia.

Indexed as

AutophagyBeclin-1Caveolin 1Cell HypoxiaCell Line, TumorCell ShapeCell SurvivalErbB ReceptorsGene Knockdown TechniquesHumansModels, BiologicalOligopeptidesProtein Kinase InhibitorsProto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2Beclin-1BECN1 protein, humanbenzyloxycarbonyl-valyl-alanyl-aspartic acidCAV1 protein, humanCaveolin 1ErbB ReceptorsOligopeptidesProtein Kinase InhibitorsProto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2AutophagyautosisCAV1 (caveolin-1)cell deathepidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)hypoxia

Identifiers

PMID27166522
PMCPMC4922445
OpenAlexW2383223917

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.