Trial reportSleep2016
Comparison of Sleep Disorders between Real and Simulated 3,450-m Altitude.
Trial report in Sleep, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systematic review and meta-analysis of antioxidant treatment in patients with acute mountain sickness induced by high altitude exposure.Frontiers in physiology · 2026Pooled it
- Improving adaptation in male high-altitude workers through pressurization: a randomized controlled trial on sleep architecture.International archives of occupational and environmental health · 2026Trial
- A Single Night in Hypoxia Either with or without Ketone Ester Ingestion Reduces Sleep Quality without Impacting Next-Day Exercise Performance.Medicine and science in sports and exercise · 2025Trial
- The effects of normobaric and hypobaric hypoxia on cognitive performance and physiological responses: A crossover study.PloS one · 2022Trial
- Periodic breathing in healthy young adults in normobaric hypoxia equivalent to 3500 m, 4500 m, and 5500 m altitude.Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung · 2019Trial
- Common and Divergent Physiological Responses to Hypoxia and Heat.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Review
- Effects of "Living High-Training Low and High" on Sleep, Heart Rate Variability, and Psychological Responses in Elite Female Cyclists.European journal of sport science · 2025Article
- Partial reduction of parasympathetic nerve activity during sleep after endurance exercise under hypoxic conditions.Physical activity and nutrition · 2025Article
- Closing the loop: autonomous intelligent control for hypoxia pre-acclimatization and high-altitude health management.National science review · 2025Review
- Danggui Buxue Decoction Alleviates Acute Hypoxia-Induced Sleep Disorders: Insights from in vivo and in silico Analyses.Drug design, development and therapy · 2025Article
- Sleep Quality Among Pilgrims at High Altitude: A Cross-Sectional Study From Gosaikunda Lake, Nepal (4380 m).Cureus · 2024Article
- Increased altitudes change sleep status among Chinese population.Sleep and biological rhythms · 2024Article
- [Effects of Extreme Environments on Human Sleep].Sichuan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Sichuan University. Medical science edition · 2024Review
- Sleep at high altitude: A bibliometric study and visualization analysis from 1992 to 2022.Heliyon · 2024Article
- A study of survival strategies for improving acclimatization of lowlanders at high-altitude.Heliyon · 2023Review
- Altitude and Breathing during Sleep in Healthy Persons and Sleep Disordered Patients: A Systematic Review.Sleep science (Sao Paulo, Brazil) · 2023Review
- Both Hypoxia and Hypobaria Impair Baroreflex Sensitivity but through Different Mechanisms.International journal of sports medicine · 2023Article
- Brain-muscle interplay during endurance self-paced exercise in normobaric and hypobaric hypoxia.Frontiers in physiology · 2022Article
- Sleep loss effects on physiological and cognitive responses to systemic environmental hypoxia.Frontiers in physiology · 2022Review
- Impact of 2 days of staging at 2500-4300 m on sleep quality and quantity following subsequent exposure to 4300 m.Physiological reports · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
STUDY
objectivesHypoxia is known to generate sleep-disordered breathing but there is a debate about the pathophysiological responses to two different types of hypoxic exposure: normobaric hypoxia (NH) and hypobaric hypoxia (HH), which have never been directly compared. Our aim was to compare sleep disorders induced by these two types of altitude.
methodsSubjects were exposed to 26 h of simulated (NH) or real altitude (HH) corresponding to 3,450 m and a control condition (NN) in a randomized order. The sleep assessments were performed with nocturnal polysomnography (PSG) and questionnaires. Thirteen healthy trained males subjects volunteered for this study (mean ± SD; age 34 ± 9 y, body weight 76.2 ± 6.8 kg, height 179.7 ± 4.2 cm).
resultsMean nocturnal oxygen saturation was further decreased during HH than in NH (81.2 ± 3.1 versus 83.6 ± 1.9%; P < 0.01) when compared to NN (95.5 ± 0.9%; P < 0.001). Heart rate was higher in HH than in NH (61 ± 10 versus 55 ± 6 bpm; P < 0.05) and NN (48 ± 5 bpm; P < 0.001). Total sleep time was longer in HH than in NH (351 ± 63 versus 317 ± 65 min, P < 0.05), and both were shorter compared to NN (388 ± 50 min, P < 0.05). Breathing frequency did not differ between conditions. Apnea-hypopnea index was higher in HH than in NH (20.5 [15.8-57.4] versus 11.4 [5.0-65.4]; P < 0.01) and NN (8.2 [3.9-8.8]; P < 0.001). Subjective sleep quality was similar between hypoxic conditions but lower than in NN.
conclusionsOur results suggest that HH has a greater effect on nocturnal breathing and sleep structure than NH. In HH, we observed more periodic breathing, which might arise from the lower saturation due to hypobaria, but needs to be confirmed.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.