ArticleSleep2016
Prevalence and Characteristics of Central Compared to Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Analyses from the Sleep Heart Health Study Cohort.
Article in Sleep, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 72 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
72 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 164 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled prevalences of obstructive sleep apnea and heart failure: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Heart failure reviews · 2024Pooled it
- Clinical Practice Guideline: Clinical Efficacy of Nasal Surgery in the Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea.Clinical and experimental otorhinolaryngology · 2023Guideline
- Discovery of genomic loci associated with sleep apnea risk through multi-trait GWAS analysis with snoring.Sleep · 2023Pooled it
- Non-invasive positive pressure ventilation for central sleep apnoea in adults.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2022Pooled it
- Prevalence of sleep-disordered breathing in opioid users with chronic pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine · 2020Pooled it
- Aroxybutynin and atomoxetine (AD109) for obstructive sleep apnea: a randomized phase 3 trial (SynAIRgy).American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2026Trial
- Win ratio analysis of transvenous phrenic nerve stimulation to treat central sleep apnoea in heart failure.ESC heart failure · 2025Trial
- Analysis by sex of safety and effectiveness of transvenous phrenic nerve stimulation.Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung · 2024Trial
- Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Cardiovascular Disease: Mechanisms, Diagnostics, and Emerging Therapeutic Approaches.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Sleep Apnea and Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation: Diurnal Patterning of Autonomic Dysfunction and Influence of CPAP Therapy.Journal of arrhythmia · 2026Article
- A pilot study to assess a novel screening questionnaire for central sleep apnea in patients undergoing overnight diagnostic polysomnography.Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung · 2026Article
- Non-Contact Detection of Apnea-like Breathing Cessations Using Laser Speckle Pattern Analysis.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Impact of type D personality on bilevel positive airway pressure compliance and side-effects in sleep apnoea patients.ERJ open research · 2026Article
- Excessive Daytime Sleepiness and Risk of Sleep Apnea: A Retrospective Analysis of Peruvian Adults.Clinical practice and epidemiology in mental health : CP & EMH · 2026Article
- Cheyne-Stokes respiration detected via CPAP devices as a digital biomarker for heart failure in obstructive sleep apnoea: systematic review.Sleep advances : a journal of the Sleep Research Society · 2026Article
- Comparisons of obstructive - central respiratory events with body mass index and neck-waist circumference measurements according to gender in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome.Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung · 2025Article
- Real world characteristics of central sleep apnea: a review of 29,000 consecutive patients undergoing polysomnography.Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung · 2025Article
- Sleep apnea in individuals with spinal cord injury.Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine · 2025Article
- Recent Insights into the Relationship Between Sleep Disordered Breathing and Cardiovascular Disease.Yonago acta medica · 2025Review
- Central Sleep Apnea in Adults: An Interdisciplinary Approach to Diagnosis and Management-A Narrative Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
12 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
STUDY
objectivesDetermine the prevalence of central sleep apnea (CSA) in a large community-based cohort using current definitions and contrast the clinical characteristics of subjects with CSA to those with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and no sleep apnea.
methodsA cross sectional analysis of baseline data from 5,804 participants of the Sleep Heart Health study was performed. Subjects meeting contemporary diagnostic criteria for CSA and Cheyne Stokes respiration (CSR) were compared to those without sleep apnea and those with OSA. Demographic data, medical comorbidities, medication use, and sleep related symptoms were compared between the groups.
resultsThe prevalences of CSA and Cheyne Stokes respiration (CSR) in this sample were 0.9 (95% confidence intervals [CI]: 0.7-1.2)% and 0.4 (95% CI: 0.3-0.6)%, respectively. Individuals with CSA were older, had lower body mass indexes (BMI), lower Epworth Sleepiness Scale scores, and were more likely to be male than individuals with obstructive sleep apnea OSA. Among those with self-reported heart failure (HF), OSA was much more common at 55.1% (95% CI: 45.6-64.6) than CSA 4.1% (95% CI: 0.3-7.9).
conclusionsThis is the largest community-based study of the prevalence and characteristics of CSA to date and demonstrates a prevalence of CSA that is intermediate to those previously noted. Contrary to prior data from clinic based samples, individuals with heart failure were much more likely to have OSA than CSA.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.