Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27165638›Full record

ArticleBMC health services research2016

Estimating the future burden of cardiovascular disease and the value of lipid and blood pressure control therapies in China.

Warren Stevens, Desi Peneva, Jim Z Li, Larry Z Liu, Gordon Liu, Runlin Gao, Darius N Lakdawalla

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC health services research, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 59 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
59citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
9.6field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

59 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 107 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.

Warren StevensPrecision Health Economics, Oakland, CA, USA. warren.stevens@pheconomics.com.
Desi PenevaPrecision Health Economics, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Jim Z LiPfizer Inc, San Diego, CA, USA.
Larry Z LiuWeill Medical College of Cornell University, New York City, NY, USA.
Gordon LiuPeking University National School of Development, Beijing, China.
Runlin GaoFu Wai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical, Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
Darius N LakdawallaUniversity of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College · CNCornell University · USHealth Decision Technologies (United States) · USPeking University · CNPfizer (United States) · USUniversity of Southern California · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundLifestyle and dietary changes reflect an ongoing epidemiological transition in China, with cardiovascular disease (CVD) playing an ever-increasing role in China's disease burden. This study assessed the burden of CVD and the potential value of lipid and blood pressure control strategies in China.

methodsWe estimated the likely burden of CVD between 2016 and 2030 and how expanded use of lipid lowering and blood pressure control medication would impact that burden in the next 15 years. Accounting for the costs of drug use, we assessed the net social value of a policy that expands the utilization of lipid and blood pressure lowering therapies in China.

resultsRises in prevalence of CVD risk and population aging would likely increase the incidence of acute myocardial infarctions (AMIs) by 75 million and strokes by 118 million, while the number of CVD deaths would rise by 39 million in total between 2016 and 2030. Universal treatment of hypertension and dyslipidemia patients with lipid and blood pressure lowering therapies could avert between 10 and 20 million AMIs, between 8 and 30 million strokes, and between 3 and 10 million CVD deaths during the 2016-2030 period, producing a positive social value net of health care costs as high as $932 billion.

conclusionsIn light of its aging population and epidemiological transition, China faces near-certain increases in CVD morbidity and mortality. Preventative measures such as effective lipid and blood pressure management may reduce CVD burden substantially and provide large social value. While the Chinese government is implementing more systematic approaches to health care delivery, prevention of CVD should be high on the agenda.

Indexed as

Cost of IllnessAdultAgedBlood PressureCardiovascular DiseasesChinaFemaleGovernment ProgramsHealth Care CostsHumansHyperlipidemiasHypertensionLipidsMaleMiddle AgedMorbidityLipidsBlood pressureCardiovascular diseaseChinaEpidemiologyLipidsSocial value

Identifiers

PMID27165638
PMCPMC4862139
OpenAlexW2350153048

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.