Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27162370›Full record

ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2016

Expression of tandem gene duplicates is often greater than twofold.

David W Loehlin, Sean B Carroll

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 66 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
66citing papers in PubMed
4.7field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

66 citing papers in PubMed, 108 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
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  6. Lon protease reprograms cellular physiology ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2026
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  15. The desert woodrat (Neotoma lepida) induces a diversity of biotransformation genes in response to creosote bush resin.Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Toxicology & pharmacology : CBP · 2024
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  16. Article
  17. Homozygous, Intragenic Tandem Duplication ofAmerican journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology · 2024
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  19. Article
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6 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

David W LoehlinHoward Hughes Medical Institute, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706; Laboratory of Cell & Molecular Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706.
Sean B CarrollHoward Hughes Medical Institute, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706; Laboratory of Cell & Molecular Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706 sbcarrol@wisc.edu.
Howard Hughes Medical Institute · USUniversity of Wisconsin–Madison · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Tandem gene duplication is an important mutational process in evolutionary adaptation and human disease. Hypothetically, two tandem gene copies should produce twice the output of a single gene, but this expectation has not been rigorously investigated. Here, we show that tandem duplication often results in more than double the gene activity. A naturally occurring tandem duplication of the Alcohol dehydrogenase (Adh) gene exhibits 2.6-fold greater expression than the single-copy gene in transgenic Drosophila This tandem duplication also exhibits greater activity than two copies of the gene in trans, demonstrating that it is the tandem arrangement and not copy number that is the cause of overactivity. We also show that tandem duplication of an unrelated synthetic reporter gene is overactive (2.3- to 5.1-fold) at all sites in the genome that we tested, suggesting that overactivity could be a general property of tandem gene duplicates. Overactivity occurs at the level of RNA transcription, and therefore tandem duplicate overactivity appears to be a previously unidentified form of position effect. The increment of surplus gene expression observed is comparable to many regulatory mutations fixed in nature and, if typical of other genomes, would shape the fate of tandem duplicates in evolution.

Indexed as

Gene DuplicationGene Expression Regulation, EnzymologicTranscription, GeneticAlcohol DehydrogenaseAnimalsDrosophila melanogasterDrosophila ProteinsHumansOrganisms, Genetically ModifiedADH protein, DrosophilaAlcohol DehydrogenaseDrosophila Proteinsgene expressiongene structuregenome evolutionposition effecttandem duplication

Identifiers

PMID27162370
PMCPMC4889415
OpenAlexW2362053680

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.