ReviewPhilosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences2016
Bacterial strategies of resistance to antimicrobial peptides.
Review in Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 178 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
178 citing papers in PubMed.
- Rhamnan sulphate from green algae Monostroma nitidum improves constipation with gut microbiome alteration in double-blind placebo-controlled trial.Scientific reports · 2021Trial
- Phospholipase A2 enhances the cytotoxic activity of membranolytic peptideBiochemistry and biophysics reports · 2026Article
- Two-component system VraSR senses host defense peptide PMAP-36 to promote Streptococcus suis pathogenicity through regulating accD expression.Veterinary research · 2026Article
- Animal-Derived Antimicrobial Peptides: Emerging Therapeutic Strategies against Multidrug-Resistant Pathogens.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Review
- Reframing Antimicrobial Peptides beyond Direct Antimicrobial Activity toward Host-Directed Functions and Disease-Specific Therapeutic Applications.Journal of microbiology and biotechnology · 2026Review
- Marine Antimicrobial Peptides: From Ocean Biodiversity to Genome Mining, Multi-Omics Discovery, and Biotechnological Innovation in the Battle Against Antimicrobial Resistance.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Review
- Molecular and Functional Characterization of Black Soldier Fly Derived Peptide Against Food-Relevant Bacteria.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Adaptive Response ofAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Antimicrobial Peptides, Bacteriocins and Mycocins as Natural Antimicrobials: Applications in Food Safety, Agriculture and Healthcare.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Role of antimicrobial peptide-based biomaterials in respiratory tract infections control.BMC microbiology · 2026Review
- From Membrane Composition to Antimicrobial Strategies: Experimental and Computational Approaches to AMP Design and Selectivity.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2026Review
- From Host-Derived Pressures to the Environmental Anti-Antimicrobial Peptides Resistome: Mechanisms, Reservoirs and Implications for Therapeutic Peptide Design.Marine drugs · 2026Review
- Shielded by the dead: how killed bacteria shape the dynamics and evolution of innate immunity.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Electrospun Phage-Loaded Bilayer Nanofibrous Scaffolds for Wound Dressing Applications: A Comparative Study of Different Bacteriophages.Journal of functional biomaterials · 2026Article
- Divergent Fates of Hardjo Leptospires: Early Transcriptomic Response ofTransboundary and emerging diseases · 2026Article
- tsAMP: a strain-level antimicrobial peptide identification framework based on large language models and pathogen genomic variation.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Enhanced antibacterial activity of antimicrobial peptide-antibiotic combinations against multidrug-resistant bacteria.FEMS microbes · 2026Review
- Defensins as natural antimicrobial peptide scaffolds against antimicrobial-resistant pathogens: mechanisms, resistance risks, and translational prospects.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Review
- The AMP-antibiotic-microbiota triad in IBD: a mechanistic framework for dysregulated antimicrobial defense.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Cathelicidin LL37-loaded extracellular vesicles from Edwardsiella piscicida promote antibacterial and wound-healing activity.Scientific reports · 2025Article
118 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a key component of the host's innate immune system, targeting invasive and colonizing bacteria. For successful survival and colonization of the host, bacteria have a series of mechanisms to interfere with AMP activity, and AMP resistance is intimately connected with the virulence potential of bacterial pathogens. In particular, because AMPs are considered as potential novel antimicrobial drugs, it is vital to understand bacterial AMP resistance mechanisms. This review gives a comparative overview of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strategies of resistance to various AMPs, such as repulsion or sequestration by bacterial surface structures, alteration of membrane charge or fluidity, degradation and removal by efflux pumps.This article is part of the themed issue 'Evolutionary ecology of arthropod antimicrobial peptides'.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.