Observational studyBMC geriatrics2016
Do commonly used frailty models predict mortality, loss of autonomy and mental decline in older adults in northwestern Russia? A prospective cohort study.
Observational study in BMC geriatrics, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association of frailty and mortality risk in community-dwelling older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 59 international prospective cohort studies.BMC public health · 2026Pooled it
- Frailty and risks of all-cause and cause-specific death in community-dwelling adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC geriatrics · 2022Pooled it
- Frailty and suicidal ideation among older adults living alone in the community: a moderated mediation model of perceived burdensomeness and positive emotions.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- The Prevalence of the Frailty Syndrome in a Hospital Setting-Is Its Diagnosis a Challenge? A Comparison of Four Frailty Scales in a Cross-Sectional Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Mapping instruments for assessing and stratifying frailty among community-dwelling older people: a scoping review.BMJ open · 2021Article
- Midlife Systemic Inflammation Is Associated With Frailty in Later Life: The ARIC Study.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2019Article
- Mortality Risk Along the Frailty Spectrum: Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999 to 2004.Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundFrailty prevalence differs across countries depending on the models used to assess it that are based on various conceptual and operational definitions. This study aims to assess the clinical validity of three frailty models among community-dwelling older adults in north-western Russia where there is a higher incidence of cardiovascular disease and lower life expectancy than in European countries.
methodsThe Crystal study is a population-based prospective cohort study in Kolpino, St. Petersburg, Russia. A random sample of the population living in the district was stratified into two age groups: 65-75 (n = 305) and 75+ (n = 306) and had a baseline comprehensive health assessment followed by a second one after 33.4 +/-3 months. The total observation time was 47 +/-14.6 months. Frailty was assessed according to the models of Fried, Puts and Steverink-Slaets. Its association with mortality at 5 years follow-up as well as dependency, mental and physical decline at around 2.5 years follow up was explored by multivariable and time-to-event analyses.
resultsMortality was predicted independently from age, sex and comorbidities only by the frail status of the Fried model in those over 75 years old [HR (95 % CI) = 2.50 (1.20-5.20)]. Mental decline was independently predicted only by pre-frail [OR (95 % CI) = 0.24 (0.10-0.55)] and frail [OR (95 % CI) = 0.196 (0.06-0.67)] status of Fried model in those 65-75 years old. The prediction of dependency and physical decline by pre-frail and frail status of any the three frailty models was not statistically significant in this cohort of older adults.
conclusionsNone of the three frailty models was valid at predicting 5 years mortality and disability, mental and physical decline at 2.5 years in a cohort of older adults in north-west Russia. Frailty by the Fried model had only limited value for mortality in those 75 years old and mental decline in those 65-75 years old. Further research is needed to identify valid frailty markers for older adults in this population.
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