Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27159898›Full record

ArticleJournal of veterinary internal medicine2016

Whole-Body Barometric Plethysmography Characterizes Upper Airway Obstruction in 3 Brachycephalic Breeds of Dogs.

N-C Liu, V J Adams, L Kalmar, J F Ladlow, D R Sargan

Open access · goldAbstract readComparative Study
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of veterinary internal medicine, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 53 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
53citing papers in PubMed
9.6field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

53 citing papers in PubMed, 122 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Vertebral Vascular Canal Dysplasia in Three Brachycephalic Breeds and Its Relationship With BOAS Grade.Veterinary radiology & ultrasound : the official journal of the American College of Veterinary Radiology and the International Veterinary Radiology Association · 2026
    Article
  2. Review
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. What Drives Pet Food Choices? A Systematic Literature Review.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025
    Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Abnormal shape of the pterygoid bone in French bulldogs: Prevalence and implication for cross-sectional area.The Canadian veterinary journal = La revue veterinaire canadienne · 2024
    Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 2 institutions in 4 countries.

N-C LiuDepartment of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
V J AdamsVet Epi Ltd., Birmingham, UK.
L KalmarDepartment of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
J F LadlowDepartment of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
D R SarganDepartment of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
University of Cambridge · GBEboo Pharmaceuticals (United States) · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundA novel test using whole-body barometric plethysmography (WBBP) was developed recently to diagnose brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome (BOAS) in unsedated French bulldogs. HYPOTHESIS/

objectivesThe hypotheses of this study were: (1) respiratory characteristics are different between healthy nonbrachycephalic dogs and brachycephalic dogs; and among pugs, French bulldogs, and bulldogs; and (2) obesity and stenotic nares are risk factors for BOAS. The main objective was to establish a diagnostic test for BOAS in these 3 breeds. ANIMALS: A total of 266 brachycephalic dogs (100 pugs, 100 French bulldogs, and 66 bulldogs) and 28 nonbrachycephalic dogs.

methodsProspective study. Exercise tolerance tests with respiratory functional grading, and WBBP were performed on all dogs. Data from WBBP were associated with functional grades to train quadratic discriminant analysis tools to assign dogs to BOAS+ and BOAS- groups. A BOAS index (0-100%) was calculated for each dog. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to evaluate classification ability.

resultsMinute volume was decreased significantly in asymptomatic pugs (P = .009), French bulldogs (P = .026), and bulldogs (P < .0001) when compared to nonbrachycephalic controls. Respiratory characteristics were different among breeds and affected dogs had a significant increase in trace variation. The BOAS index predicted BOAS status for each breed with 94-97% (95% confidence interval [CI], 88.9-100%) accuracy (area under the ROC curve). Both obesity (P = .04) and stenotic nares (P = .004) were significantly associated with BOAS. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: The WBBP can be used as a clinical tool to diagnose BOAS noninvasively and objectively.

Indexed as

Airway ObstructionAnimalsCraniosynostosesDog DiseasesDogsFemaleMaleNasal CavityObesityPlethysmography, Whole BodyRespiratory Function TestsSeverity of Illness IndexBrachycephalic obstructive airway syndromeQuadratic discriminant analysisRespiratory function testWhole-body barometric plethysmography

Identifiers

PMID27159898
PMCPMC4913582
OpenAlexW2346041773

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.