Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27159554›Full record

ReviewNature reviews. Disease primers2016

Diabetic retinopathy.

Tien Y Wong, Chui Ming Gemmy Cheung, Michael Larsen, Sanjay Sharma, Rafael Simó

Registry-linked trialAbstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Nature reviews. Disease primers, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05310916 (Evaluation of the Effect of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2), which is not on this map. Cited by 703 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
703citing papers in PubMed, 7 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT05310916 phase3unknown statusstarted 2022, after this paper: background citation

Evaluation of the Effect of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) Inhibitors on Diabetic Retinopathy in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Ran2022Enrolled60Registered outcomes3Posted comparisons0ConditionsDiabetic RetinopathyArmsDapagliflozin 10mg Tab plus another oral hypoglycemic agent, Two oral hypoglycemic agents other than dapagliflozin
PMID 30644770PMID 31019585PMID 31491943PMID 26078479PMID 33634250PMID 33274239PMID 28231831PMID 29219149other papers from this trial
Open the trial in the graph
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

703 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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643 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Tien Y WongSingapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, 11 Third Hospital Avenue, Singapore 168751, Singapore.
Chui Ming Gemmy CheungSingapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, 11 Third Hospital Avenue, Singapore 168751, Singapore.
Michael LarsenDepartment of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Sanjay SharmaDepartments of Ophthalmology and Epidemiology, Queen's University, Belfast, UK.
Rafael SimóVall d'Hebron Research Institute and CIBERDEM (ISCIII), Barcelona, Spain.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a common complication of diabetes mellitus and is a major cause of vision loss in middle-aged and elderly people. One-third of people with diabetes have DR. Severe stages of DR include proliferative DR, caused by the abnormal growth of new retinal blood vessels, and diabetic macular oedema, in which there is exudation and oedema in the central part of the retina. DR is strongly associated with a prolonged duration of diabetes, hyperglycaemia and hypertension. It is traditionally regarded as a microvascular disease, but retinal neurodegeneration is also involved. Complex interrelated pathophysiological mechanisms triggered by hyperglycaemia underlie the development of DR. These mechanisms include genetic and epigenetic factors, increased production of free radicals, advanced glycosylation end products, inflammatory factors and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Optimal control of blood glucose and blood pressure in individuals with diabetes remains the cornerstone for preventing the development and arresting the progression of DR. Anti-VEGF therapy is currently indicated for diabetic macular oedema associated with vision loss, whereas laser photocoagulation prevents severe vision loss in eyes with proliferative DR. These measures, together with increasing public awareness and access to regular screening for DR with retinal photography, and the development of new treatments to address early disease stages, will lead to better outcomes and prevent blindness for patients with DR.

Indexed as

Diabetes ComplicationsDiabetes MellitusDiabetic RetinopathyHumansHyperglycemiaHypertensionMacular EdemaMass ScreeningRisk FactorsVascular Endothelial Growth Factor AVascular Endothelial Growth Factor A

Identifiers

PMID27159554

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.