ArticleThe Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism2016
Imbalance of Amniotic Fluid Activin-A and Follistatin in Intraamniotic Infection, Inflammation, and Preterm Birth.
Article in The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Impact of Excess Activin A on the Lipids, Metabolites, and Steroids of Adult Mouse Reproductive Organs.Endocrinology · 2025Article
- Matrix metalloproteinases in preterm prelabor rupture of membranes in the setting of chorioamnionitis: A scoping review.American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) · 2023Article
- Testis exposure to unopposed/elevated activin AFrontiers in endocrinology · 2023Article
- Follistatin Is a Novel Chemoattractant for Migration and Invasion of Placental Trophoblasts of Mice.Cells · 2022Article
- Cellular and molecular changes that predispose skin in chronic spinal cord injury to pressure ulcer formation.International wound journal · 2021Article
- Effect of Activin A on activation status of monocytes in acute-phase Kawasaki disease.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2021Article
- Activin a suppresses peripheral CD8BMC immunology · 2021Article
- Activin A impairs ActRIIAiScience · 2021Article
- The Role of Innate Immune System in the Human Amniotic Membrane and Human Amniotic Fluid in Protection Against Intra-Amniotic Infections and Inflammation.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- Role of galectin-glycan circuits in reproduction: from healthy pregnancy to preterm birth (PTB).Seminars in immunopathology · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
contextMicrobial invasion of the amniotic fluid (AF) cavity stimulates an inflammatory response that involves activin-A, a pleiotropic mediator member of the TGFβ superfamily involved in connective tissue remodeling. The role of AF follistatin, a natural inhibitor of activin-A, in inflammation-induced preterm birth (PTB), has yet to be determined.
objectiveThe objective of the study was to investigate the relationships between AF activin-A and follistatin in physiological gestation and in pregnancies complicated by PTB and to evaluate a possible role played by the activin-A-follistatin balance in processes leading to PTB and preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM). STUDY
designThe AF levels of total activin-A and follistatin were immunoassayed in 168 women with a normal pregnancy outcome or PTB with and without intraamniotic inflammation or PPROM. The impact of the activin-A-follistatin imbalance on PTB terminal effector pathways (prostaglandins [prostaglandin E2, prostaglandin F2α] and matrix metalloproteinases [MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-3, and MMP-9]) was investigated in an amniochorion explant system challenged with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to mimic inflammation.
resultsAF follistatin and the activin-A to follistatin ratio varied with gestational age, both decreasing toward term (P < .001). Activin-A was up-regulated in AF infection (>2-fold elevation in activin-A to follistatin ratio) correlating directly with severity of inflammation (both P < .001). Activin-A increased prostaglandins, MMP-1, and MMP-9 released by amniochorion (P < .05) to LPS-equivalent levels. Follistatin effectively blunted the prostaglandin response to activin-A and LPS and that of MMPs after activin-A but not after LPS challenge.
conclusionActivin-A and follistatin are part of the complex inflammatory response of the gestational sac to infection and modulate effector pathways leading to PTB. The activin-A to follistatin ratio may play a role in determining the clinical phenotype of PTB as preterm labor or PPROM.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.