ArticleBMJ open diabetes research & care2016
Patients' with type 2 diabetes willingness to pay for insulin therapy and clinical outcomes.
Article in BMJ open diabetes research & care, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Variation in Attribute Prioritization and Design of Discrete Choice Experiments Across Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Patient Preference: A Systematic Review.Patient preference and adherence · 2026Review
- Quantifying Patient Preferences for Basal Insulin Treatments in Adults Living with Type 2 Diabetes: A Discrete Choice Experiment in Canada, Spain, France, and Japan.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2025Article
- Perspectives and Preferences of People with Type 2 Diabetes for the Attributes of Weekly Insulin.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2024Article
- Willingness to Pay (WTP) for Newer Treatment Options for Diabetes: A Study Among Patients at a Tertiary Care Centre.Cureus · 2024Article
- Willingness to start insulin therapy among insulin-naïve persons with type 2 diabetes mellitus at Gulu Regional Referral Hospital, Gulu City, Uganda.Therapeutic advances in chronic disease · 2024Article
- Short-term cost-effectiveness analysis of tirzepatide for the treatment of type 2 diabetes in the United States.Journal of managed care & specialty pharmacy · 2023Article
- Patient preferences for the treatment of type 2 diabetes in Australia: a discrete choice experiment.Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders · 2022Article
- Understanding Patients' Willingness to Pay for Biphasic Insulin Aspart 30/70 in a Pen Device for Type 2 Diabetes Treatment in an Out-of-Pocket Payment Market.PharmacoEconomics - open · 2021Article
- Assessing social preferences in reimbursement negotiations for new Pharmaceuticals in Oncology: an experimental design to analyse willingness to pay and willingness to accept.BMC health services research · 2021Article
- Patient and physician preferences for type 2 diabetes medications: a systematic review.Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders · 2019Review
- Timing of Insulin Injections, Adherence, and Glycemic Control in a Multinational Sample of People with Type 2 Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Analysis.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesThis study assessed patient preferences, using willingness to pay as a method to measure different treatment characteristics or attributes associated with injectable insulin therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND
methodsAdults with type 2 diabetes in 12 countries, diagnosed >6 months prior and receiving insulin for >3 months, were recruited through a representative online panel. Data were collected via online questionnaire and analyzed using a standard choice model for discrete choice experiment.
resultsA total of 3758 patients from North America (n=646), South America (n=1537), and Europe (n=1575) completed the study. Mean glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels in North America, South America, and Europe were 63 mmol/mol (7.9%), 75 mmol/mol (9.0%), and 64 mmol/mol (8.0%), respectively. In the three regions, monthly willingness to pay was US$116, US$74, and US$92, respectively, for a 1%-point decrease in HbA1c; US$99, US$80, and US$104 for one less major hypoglycemic event per year; and US$64, US$37 and US$60 for a 3 kg weight decrease. To avoid preinjection preparation of insulin, the respective values were US$47, US$18, and US$37, and US$25, US$25, and US$24 for one less injection per day. Among respondents on basal-only insulin who had previously tried a more intensive regimen, reasons for switching back included difficulty in handling multiple injections and risk of hypoglycemic events.
conclusionsReducing HbA1c, frequency of major hypoglycemic events and weight decrease were the highest valued outcomes in each region. The administrative burden of injections was also considered important.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.