Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27156659›Full record

ArticlePatient education and counseling2016

Eloquent silences: A musical and lexical analysis of conversation between oncologists and their patients.

Josef Bartels, Rachel Rodenbach, Katherine Ciesinski, Robert Gramling, Kevin Fiscella, Ronald Epstein

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Patient education and counseling, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Long gaps between turns are awkward for strangers but not for friends.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2023
    Article
  6. The Art of Saying Nothing.Pediatrics · 2022
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Josef BartelsUniversity of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, 601 Elmwood Ave, Rochester, NY 14642, USA. Electronic address: Josef_Bartels@URMC.Rochester.edu.
Rachel RodenbachUniversity of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, 601 Elmwood Ave, Rochester, NY 14642, USA. Electronic address: Rachel_Rodenbach@urmc.rochester.edu.
Katherine CiesinskiEastman School of Music, 26 Gibbs St., Rochester, NY 14604, USA. Electronic address: KCiesinski@esm.rochester.edu.
Robert GramlingCenter for Communication and Disparities Research, University of Rochester Department of Family Medicine, 1381 South Avenue, Rochester, NY 14620, USA. Electronic address: Robert_Gramling@urmc.rochester.edu.
Kevin FiscellaCenter for Communication and Disparities Research, University of Rochester Department of Family Medicine, 1381 South Avenue, Rochester, NY 14620, USA. Electronic address: Kevin_Fiscella@urmc.rochester.edu.
Ronald EpsteinCenter for Communication and Disparities Research, University of Rochester Department of Family Medicine, 1381 South Avenue, Rochester, NY 14620, USA. Electronic address: Ronald_Epstein@urmc.rochester.edu.

Funding

RCT of Patient, Caregiver and Physician Communication Coaching in Advanced CancerR01CA140419 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER · PI EPSTEIN, RONALD M., KRAVITZ, RICHARD L · 2011 to 2015
$2.7M
The University of Rochester Clinical and Translational Science InstituteTL1TR000096 · NCATS · UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER · PI BENNETT, NANCY M, KIEBURTZ, KARL D. · 2012 to 2015
$930k
NCATS NIH HHS TL1 TR000096NCI NIH HHS R01 CA140419
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveSilences in doctor-patient communication can be "connectional" and communicative, in contrast to silences that indicate awkwardness or distraction. Musical and lexical analyses can identify and characterize connectional silences in consultations between oncologists and patients.

methodsTwo medical students and a professor of voice screened all 1211 silences over 2s in length from 124 oncology office visits. We developed a "strength of connection" taxonomy and examined ten connectional silences for lexical and musical features including pitch, volume, and speaker turn-taking rhythm.

resultsWe identified connectional silences with good reliability. Typical dialog rhythms surrounding connectional silences are characterized by relatively equal turn lengths and frequent short vocalizations. We found no pattern of volume and pitch variability around these silences. Connectional silences occurred in a wide variety of lexical contexts.

conclusionParticular patterns of dialog rhythm mark connectional silences. Exploring structures of connectional silence extends our understanding of the audio-linguistic conditions that mark patient-clinician connection. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: Communicating with an awareness of pitch, rhythm, and silence - in addition to lexical content - can facilitate shared understanding and emotional connection.

Indexed as

CommunicationEmotionsMusicPhysician-Patient RelationsFemaleHumansMaleMedical OncologyOncologistsPhysiciansCompassionConnectionDialog rhythmDiscourse analysisEmotionEmpathyEnd-of-lifeEngagementHealthcare communicationInterpersonal synchronyMusicParalinguisticPatient-centeredPresenceSilence

Identifiers

PMID27156659
PMCPMC6100772

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.