ArticleImmunity2016
Maternal-Derived Hepatitis B Virus e Antigen Alters Macrophage Function in Offspring to Drive Viral Persistence after Vertical Transmission.
Article in Immunity, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 107 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
107 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 164 citations in OpenAlex.
- Asian Pacific association for the study of liver (APASL) guidelines: hepatitis B virus in pregnancy.Hepatology international · 2022Guideline
- Review
- Liver Macrophages in the Pathogenesis of Viral Hepatitis.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Review
- Microchimerism: The Hidden Cellular Dialogue Between Mother and Fetal That Shapes Lifelong Immunity.Expert reviews in molecular medicine · 2026Review
- Kupffer cells in liver homeostasis and disease: from immune sentinels to metabolic gatekeepers.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2026Review
- Intrauterine exposure to HBsAg attenuates the immune response to hepatitis B vaccine via the miR-155-5p/MyD88 axis of DCs in mouse pups.Medical microbiology and immunology · 2026Article
- The clinical significance and optimization strategies of HBeAg seroclearance in chronic hepatitis B treatment.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Review
- Interferon therapy for chronic hepatitis B in children: an immunological perspective.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Review
- The role of PD‑1/PD‑L1 axis in liver diseases.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2025Review
- Innate immune recognition in hepatitis B virus infection.Virulence · 2025Review
- Hepatitis B Virus e Antigen in Mother-to-Child Transmission and Clinical Management of Hepatitis B.Viruses · 2025Review
- Viral oncogenesis in cancer: from mechanisms to therapeutics.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2025Review
- Article
- Is health, growth and development impaired in children who are Hepatitis B-exposed but uninfected?PLOS global public health · 2025Review
- Review
- Toward a better understanding of chronic hepatitis B virus infection.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2024Article
- Viral Hepatitis: Host Immune Interaction, Pathogenesis and New Therapeutic Strategies.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Viral Factors in Modulation of Host Immune Response: A Route to Novel Antiviral Agents and New Therapeutic Approaches.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Harnessing CD8Clinical and translational medicine · 2024Review
47 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
In contrast to horizontal transmission of hepatitis B virus (HBV) between adults, which often leads to self-limited acute infection, vertical transmission of HBV from mother to child often leads to chronic infection. However, the mechanisms linking vertical transmission with chronic infection are not known. We developed a mouse model to study the effect of maternal HBV infection on HBV persistence in offspring and found that HBV carried by the mother impaired CD8(+) T cell responses to HBV in her offspring, resulting in HBV persistence. This impairment of CD8(+) T cell responses was mediated by hepatic macrophages, which were predisposed by maternal HBV e antigen (HBeAg) to support HBV persistence by upregulation of inhibitory ligand PD-L1 and altered polarization upon restimulation with HBeAg. Depletion of hepatic macrophages led to CD8(+) T cell activation and HBV clearance in the offspring, raising the possibility of targeting macrophages to treat chronic HBV patients.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.