ArticleSurgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA2017
Anatomic study suggests that the morphology of the plantaris tendon may be related to Achilles tendonitis.
Article in Surgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers.
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36 citing papers in PubMed, 79 citations in OpenAlex.
- Navicular and fifth metatarsal base stress fractures: An illustrated anatomical review.Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA · 2026Review
- Plantaris tendon morphology in Papio anubis: a comparative anatomical study.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Vascular and Neural Compression Syndromes Associated with Plantaris Muscle Variants: A Classification-Based Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Imaging in the diagnosis and characterization of tennis leg.Skeletal radiology · 2026Review
- Proximal origin variants of the plantaris muscle: a classification-based review with surgical and radiologic implications.Surgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA · 2026Review
- Bilateral Accessory Plantaris Muscles With Variant Origins and Insertions: A Case Report.Cureus · 2026Article
- Does the Anatomical Type of the Plantaris Tendon Influence the Management of Midportion Achilles Tendinopathy?Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- The Plantaris Muscle Is Not Vestigial: Developmental, Comparative, and Functional Evidence for Its Sensorimotor Role.Biology · 2025Review
- Morphological Variability and Clinical Significance of the Fibularis Tertius Muscle: An Extensive Literature Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Article
- An in-depth study on the magnetic resonance imaging characteristics of tendon rupture in sports injuries and its correlation with patients' clinical symptoms.European journal of translational myology · 2024Article
- [Anatomical and biomechanical characteristics of plantaris tendon and its application in ligament reconstruction].Zhongguo xiu fu chong jian wai ke za zhi = Zhongguo xiufu chongjian waike zazhi = Chinese journal of reparative and reconstructive surgery · 2024Article
- Morphological variations of the calcaneal tendon: clinical significance.Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research · 2023Review
- Development and growth of the calcaneal tendon sheath with special reference to its topographical relationship with the tendon of the plantaris muscle: a histological study of human fetuses.Surgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA · 2023Article
- Anatomical Classification for Plantaris Tendon Insertion and Its Clinical Implications: A Cadaveric Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- The anatomical variant of high soleus muscle may predispose to tendinopathy: a preliminary MR study.Surgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA · 2021Article
- Morphological variability of the plantaris tendon in the human fetus.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- A proposal for a new morphological classification of the popliteus muscle tendon with potential clinical and biomechanical significance.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- The twisted structure of the fetal calcaneal tendon is already visible in the second trimester.Surgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA · 2021Article
- Bicipital origin and the course of the plantaris muscle.Anatomy & cell biology · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeAchilles tendinopathy is a significant clinical lower limb issue observed in recent years. Neither the location nor the mechanism behind the pain has yet been sufficiently explained. Patients frequently experience pain on the medial side of the calcaneal tendon, and between 2 and 7 cm above the calcaneal tuberosity, which may suggests that the plantaris tendon plays an important role. The purpose of this study was to determine the anatomical relationships between the course of the plantaris tendon and the calcaneal tendon, as well as the type of insertion of the plantaris tendon.
methodsThe tests were carried out on 50 randomized lower limbs (23 left and 27 right) fixed in 10 % formalin solution.
resultsFive insertion types of the plantaris tendon were identified in relation to the calcaneal tendon: four with their insertion on the calcaneal tuberosity (Types 1, 2, 3, 5), while the fifth (Type 4) had its insertion in the crural fascia. In addition, two variants of the course of the plantaris tendon were identified, the most common being termed Variant A, in which the tendon crosses the space between the gastrocnemius and the soleus muscles, thus reaching the medial crural region, and is located on the medial side of the calcaneal tendon (84 % cases). The course of the Variant B is similar to the course of the Variant A, but upon leaving the space located between the gastrocnemius and soleus muscle, it turned to the medial crural region and ran directly anterior to the calcaneal tendon (12 %). The plantaris muscle was found to be absent in two lower limbs (4 %). The most frequent insertion type of the plantaris tendon into the calcaneal tuberosity is fan-shaped, occurring on the medial side of the Achilles tendon (Type 1-44 % cases).
conclusionThe course of the plantaris tendon and its mobility range in relation to the calcaneal tendon may be likely to affect the occurrence of pains in the lower medial part of the leg (Achilles tendinopathy).
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