ArticleBMJ open2016
Effectiveness of the Baby Friendly Community Initiative in Italy: a non-randomised controlled study.
Article in BMJ open, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Interventions for promoting and optimizing breastfeeding practices: An overview of systematic review.Frontiers in public health · 2023Pooled it
- Effectiveness of the baby-friendly community initiative on exclusive breastfeeding in Kenya.Maternal & child nutrition · 2021Trial
- Determinants of breastfeeding discontinuation in an Italian cohort of mother-infant dyads in the first six months of life: a randomized controlled trial.Italian journal of pediatrics · 2018Trial
- Community-based monitoring of neonatal jaundice using the point-of-care Bilistick® System 2.0.Pediatric research · 2026Article
- Oral Health Promotion in Pediatric Age Groups: Habits and Behaviors of Italian and Spanish Parents and Children.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Breastfeeding trends, influences, and perceptions among Italian women: a qualitative study.International journal of qualitative studies on health and well-being · 2020Article
- Barriers Perceived by Managers and Clinical Professionals Related to the Implementation of Clinical Practice Guidelines for Breastfeeding through the Best Practice Spotlight Organization Program.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
- Prevalence of breastfeeding in a baby-friendly pediatric practice: an experience in Trieste, Italy.International breastfeeding journal · 2019Article
- Place of sanctuary: an appreciative inquiry approach to discovering how communities support breastfeeding and parenting.International breastfeeding journal · 2019Article
- The impact of sociodemographic and health-service factors on breast-feeding in sub-Saharan African countries with high diarrhoea mortality.Public health nutrition · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo assess the effectiveness of the Baby Friendly Community Initiative (BFCI) on exclusive breast feeding at 6 months.
designControlled, non-randomised trial.
setting18 Local Health Authorities in 9 regions of Italy.
participants5094 mother/infant dyads in 3 cohorts were followed up to 12 months after birth in 3 rounds of data collection: at baseline, after implementation of the intervention in the early intervention group and after implementation in the late intervention group. 689 (14%) dyads did not complete the study.
interventionImplementation of the 7 steps of the BFCI.
main outcome measuresThe rate of exclusive breast feeding at 6 months was the primary outcome; breast feeding at discharge, 3 and 12 months was also measured.
resultsThe crude rates of exclusive breast feeding at discharge, 3 and 6 months, and of any breast feeding at 6 and 12 months increased at each round of data collection after baseline in the early and late intervention groups. At the end of the project, 10% of infants were exclusively breast fed at 6 months and 38% were continuing to breast feed at 12 months. However, the comparison by adjusted rates and logistic regression failed to show statistically significant differences between groups and rounds of data collection in the intention-to-treat analysis, as well as when compliance with the intervention and training coverage was taken into account.
conclusionsThe study failed to demonstrate an effect of the BFCI on the rates of breast feeding. This may be due, among other factors, to the time needed to observe an effect on breast feeding following this complex intervention.
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