ReviewAlcoholism, clinical and experimental research2016
Sex and the Lab: An Alcohol-Focused Commentary on the NIH Initiative to Balance Sex in Cell and Animal Studies.
Review in Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Yohimbine as a pharmacological probe for alcohol research: a systematic review of rodent and human studies.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2022Pooled it
- Chlorogenic acid modulates mitochondrial damage and mitophagy to repair injured myocardial tissue and cells.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
- Stress and gonadal steroid influences on alcohol drinking and withdrawal, with focus on animal models in females.Frontiers in neuroendocrinology · 2023Review
- Sex-related differences in pattern of ethanol drinking under the intermittent-access model and its impact on exploratory and anxiety-like behavior in Long-Evans rats.Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research · 2022Article
- Regulation of alcohol drinking by ventral striatum and extended amygdala circuitry.Neuropharmacology · 2022Review
- Sex differences in affective states and association with voluntary ethanol intake in Sprague-Dawley rats.Psychopharmacology · 2022Article
- Alcohol-Drinking Under Limited-Access Procedures During Mature Adulthood Accelerates the Onset of Cognitive Impairment in Mice.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2022Article
- Sex differences in behavioral, cognitive and voluntary ethanol-intake effects in Dexamethasone-induced depression-like state in Wistar rat.AIMS neuroscience · 2022Article
- The role of sex in the persistent effects of adolescent alcohol exposure on behavior and neurobiology in rodents.International review of neurobiology · 2021Review
- Astrocyte modulation of extinction impairments in ethanol-dependent female mice.Neuropharmacology · 2020Article
- Sex bias and omission in neuroscience research is influenced by research model and journal, but not reported NIH funding.Frontiers in neuroendocrinology · 2020Review
- Age-dependent impairment of metabotropic glutamate receptor 2-dependent long-term depression in the mouse striatum by chronic ethanol exposure.Alcohol (Fayetteville, N.Y.) · 2020Article
- Chronic ethanol exposure alters prelimbic prefrontal cortical Fast-Spiking and Martinotti interneuron function with differential sex specificity in rat brain.Neuropharmacology · 2020Article
- The Endocrine System and Alcohol Drinking in Females.Alcohol research : current reviews · 2020Review
- Sex differences in nicotine-enhanced Pavlovian conditioned approach in rats.Biology of sex differences · 2019Article
- Genetic Strain and Sex Differences in a Hyperoxia-Induced Mouse Model of Varying Severity of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia.The American journal of pathology · 2019Article
- Sex differences in stress-related alcohol use.Neurobiology of stress · 2019Review
- Prenatal ethanol exposure increases risk of psychostimulant addiction.Behavioural brain research · 2019Article
- Best practices in nutrition science to earn and keep the public's trust.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2019Review
- Lack of sexual dimorphism on the inhibitory effect of alcohol on muscle protein synthesis in rats under basal conditions and after anabolic stimulation.Physiological reports · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
In May 2014, Dr. Francis Collins, the director of U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH), and Dr. Janine Clayton, the director of the U.S. National Institutes of Health Office of Research on Women's Health, published a commentary in the journal Nature announcing new policies to ensure that preclinical research funded by the NIH considers both males and females. While these policies are still developing, they have already generated great interest by the scientific community and triggered both criticism and applause. This review provides a description and interpretation of the NIH guidelines, and it traces the history that led to their implementation. As expected, this NIH initiative generated some anxiety in the scientific community. The use of female animals in the investigation of basic mechanisms is perceived to increase variability in the results, and the use of both sexes has been claimed to slow the pace of scientific discoveries and to increase the cost at a time characterized by declining research support. This review discusses issues related to the study of sex as a biological variable (SABV) in alcohol studies and provides examples of how researchers have successfully addressed some of them. A practical strategy is provided to include both sexes in biomedical research while maintaining control of the research direction. The inclusion of sex as an important biological variable in experimental design, analysis, and reporting of preclinical alcohol research is likely to lead to a better understanding of alcohol pharmacology and the development of alcohol use disorder, may promote drug discovery for new pharmacotherapies by increasing scientific rigor, and may provide clinical benefit to women's health. This review aims to promote the understanding of the NIH's SABV guidelines and to provide alcohol researchers with a theoretical and practical framework for working with both sexes in preclinical research.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.